2009 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview

2009 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview PDF Version (599 KB)
Table of contents

Section A: Context - Crime and the Criminal Justice System

Section B: Corrections Administration

Section C: Offender Population

Section D: Conditional Release

Section E: Statistics on Special Applications of Criminal Justice

Section A: Context - Crime and the Criminal Justice System

Police-reported crime rate has been decreasing since 1991

Police-reported crime rate has been decreasing since 1991
Click to enlarge image

Source: Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
Violent crimes include homicide, attempted murder, assault, sexual offences, abduction and robbery.
Property crimes include break and enter, motor vehicle thefts, other thefts, possession of stolen goods and fraud.
These crime statistics are based on crimes that are reported to the police. Since not all crimes are reported to the police, these figures underestimate actual crime. See Figure A6 for rates based on victimization surveys (drawn from the General Social Survey), an alternative method of measuring crime.
Data presented in this figure do not reflect the changes in the classification of violation groups as published in the Juristat article - "Police-reported crime statistics in Canada, 2008."

Police-reported crime rate has been decreasing since 1991

Year

Type of Offence

Property

Violent

Other CCC

Total

1984

5,501

701

2,185

8,387

1985

5,451

735

2,227

8,413

1986

5,550

785

2,392

8,727

1987

5,553

829

2,575

8,957

1988

5,439

868

2,613

8,919

1989

5,289

911

2,692

8,892

1990

5,612

973

2,900

9,485

1991

6,160

1,059

3,122

10,342

1992

5,904

1,084

3,052

10,040

1993

5,575

1,082

2,881

9,538

1994

5,257

1,047

2,821

9,125

1995

5,292

1,009

2,707

9,008

1996

5,274

1,002

2,656

8,932

1997

4,880

993

2,603

8,475

1998

4,569

995

2,529

8,093

1999

4,276

971

2,449

7,695

2000

4,081

996

2,534

7,610

2001

4,004

995

2,593

7,592

2002

3,976

980

2,560

7,516

2003

4,125

978

2,670

7,773

2004

3,976

957

2,668

7,601

2005

3,744

962

2,620

7,326

2006

3,604

968

2,673

7,245

2007

3,331

951

2,618

6,900

2008

3,079

932

2,578

6,589

Source: Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
Rates are based on incidents reported per 100,000 population.
Due to rounding, rates may not add to Totals.
Data presented in this table do not reflect the changes in the classification of violation groups as published in the Juristat article - "Police-reported crime statistics in Canada, 2008."

Crime Rates are Higher in the West and Highest in the North

Crime Rates are Higher in the West and Highest in the North
Click to enlarge image

Source: Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
The crime rate represents all Criminal Code incidents excluding traffic violations and other federal statutes, such as drug offences.
Data presented in this figure do not reflect the changes in the classification of violation groups as published in the Juristat article - "Police-reported crime statistics in Canada, 2008."

Crime Rates are Higher in the West and Highest in the North

Province/Territory

Crime Rate

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Newfoundland & Labrador

6,359

6,166

6,145

6,388

6,322

Prince Edward Island

8,225

7,661

6,796

6,063

6,208

Nova Scotia

8,712

8,149

8,082

7,494

6,956

New Brunswick

7,271

6,443

6,022

5,586

5,665

Quebec

5,397

5,321

5,415

5,129

5,065

Ontario

5,450

5,258

5,399

5,106

4,879

Manitoba

12,732

11,808

11,642

10,934

9,911

Saskatchewan

14,975

14,142

13,659

13,402

12,892

Alberta

9,981

9,797

9,362

9,160

8,808

British Columbia

12,199

11,719

11,178

10,462

9,580

Yukon

23,261

22,188

19,922

20,781

21,805

Northwest Territories

41,840

42,734

40,544

43,124

43,509

Nunavut

36,745

34,862

31,277

30,265

34,867

Canada

7,601

7,326

7,245

6,900

6,589

Source: Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
Rates are based on 100,000 population.
The crime rate represents all Criminal Code incidents excluding traffic violations and other federal statutes, such as drug offences.
Data presented in this table do not reflect the changes in the classification of violation groups as published in the Juristat article - "Police-reported crime statistics in Canada, 2008.

Canada's Incarceration Rate is High Relative to Most Western European Countries

Canada's Incarceration Rate is High Relative to Most Western European Countries
Click to enlarge image

Source: World Prison Population List (Seventh Edition), International Centre for Prison Studies, World Prison Population List (Eighth Edition), International Centre for Prison Studies.

Note:
The incarceration rate, in this figure, is a measure of the number of people (i.e., adults and youth) in custody per 100,000 people in the general population.
Incarceration rates from the World Prison Population List are based on the most recently available data at the time the list was compiled. Due to variations in the availability of information, the 2006 and 2008 dates reported in Table A2 refer to when the World Prison Population Lists were published, but may not necessarily correspond to the date the data was obtained. Additionally, different practices and variations in measurement in different countries limit the comparability of these figures.

Canada's Incarceration Rate is High Relative to Most Western European Countries

 

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

20061*

20082*

United States

649

682

682

699

700

701

714

723

738

756

New Zealand

137

150

149

149

145

155

168

168

186

185

England & Wales

120

125

125

124

125

141

142

141

148

153

Scotland

119

119

118

115

120

129

132

136

139

152

Australia

95

110

108

108

110

115

117

120

126

129

Canada

126

123

118

116

116

116

108

107

107

116

France

90

88

91

89

80

93

91

91

85

96

Austria

86

86

85

84

85

100

106

110

105

95

Italy

86

85

89

94

95

100

98

96

104

92

Germany

90

96

97

97

95

98

96

98

95

89

Switzerland

88

85

81

79

90

68

81

81

83

76

Sweden

59

60

59

64

65

73

75

81

82

74

Norway

53

57

56

--

60

59

65

65

66

69

Finland

56

54

46

52

50

70

71

66

75

64

Denmark

62

64

66

61

60

64

70

70

77

63

Source: 1World Prison Population List (Seventh Edition), International Centre for Prison Studies, 2World Prison Population List (Eighth Edition), International Centre for Prison Studies.

Note:
*Incarceration rates from the World Prison Population List are based on the most recently available data at the time the list was compiled. Due to variations in the availability of information, the 2006 and 2008 dates reported in Table A2 refer to when the World Prison Population Lists were published, but may not necessarily correspond to the date the data was obtained. Additionally, different practices and variations in measurement in different countries limit the comparability of these figures.
Rates are based on 100,000 population.
-- Figures not available.

The Rate of Adults Charged has Declined Since 1982

The Rate of Adults Charged has Declined Since 1982
Click to enlarge image

Source: Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
Violent crimes include homicide, attempted murder, assault, sexual offences, abduction and robbery.
Property crimes include break and enter, motor vehicle thefts, other thefts, possession of stolen goods and fraud.
Total charged includes adults charged under the Criminal Code as well as adults charged under other Federal Statutes such as the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, the Fisheries Act, the Customs Act, the Indian Act and the Employment Insurance Act but excludes provincial statute offences and municipal by-laws.

The Rate of Adults Charged has Declined Since 1982

Year

Criminal Code

 

Federal Statutes

Violent

Property

Other
CCC

Total
CCC

Drugs

Other*

Total Charged**

1984

363

1,122

620

2,104

203

57

2,364

1985

374

1,007

582

1,963

194

41

2,199

1986

405

974

641

2,021

190

43

2,254

1987

439

962

683

2,085

198

40

2,323

1988

462

941

684

2,087

195

43

2,324

1989

489

880

677

2,047

217

44

2,308

1990

529

905

683

2,118

198

38

2,354

1991

582

968

732

2,282

194

40

2,516

1992

587

925

713

2,225

198

50

2,474

1993

596

839

677

2,112

183

51

2,345

1994

573

739

619

1,932

178

42

2,152

1995

530

719

597

1,846

171

36

2,053

1996

523

727

579

1,829

172

29

2,030

1997

510

651

552

1,713

158

26

1,896

1998

494

615

561

1,670

168

24

1,862

1999

479

569

570

1,618

185

30

1,832

2000

496

528

593

1,617

198

26

1,842

2001

517

522

638

1,677

202

28

1,907

2002

499

507

640

1,647

199

29

1,875

2003

482

515

650

1,647

172

23

1,842

2004

469

515

663

1,648

187

30

1,866

2005

472

492

654

1,617

185

29

1,831

2006

478

473

674

1,624

198

27

1,849

2007

463

436

696

1,595

208

28

1,830

2008

454

413

698

1,565

203

31

1,799

Source: Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
*Examples of other Federal Statutes include: the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, the Fisheries Act, the Customs Act, the Indian Act and the Employment Insurance Act.
**Total charged excludes provincial statute offences and municipal by-laws.
Rates are based on 100,000 population, 18 years of age and older.
Due to rounding, rates may not add to Totals.

Administration of Justice Charges Account For 24% of Charges in Adult Courts

Administration of Justice Charges Account For 24% of Charges in Adult Courts
Click to enlarge image

Source: Adult Criminal Court Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
The concept of a case has changed from previous editions of this report to more closely reflect court processing. Statistics from the Adult Criminal Court Survey used in this report should not be compared to those in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

Administration of Justice Charges Account for 24% of Charges in Adult Courts

Type of Charge

Criminal Code and Other Federal Statute Charges

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

 

#

%

#

%

#

%

Crimes Against the Person

228,606

22.53

246,687

23.36

251,371

23.41

Homicide and Related

421

0.04

448

0.04

483

0.04

Attempted Murder

525

0.05

633

0.06

589

0.05

Robbery

9,606

0.95

9,906

0.94

10,090

0.94

Sexual Assault

8,152

0.80

7,890

0.75

8,439

0.79

Other Sexual Offences

5,037

0.50

4,663

0.44

4,652

0.43

Major Assault (Levels 2 & 3)

41,089

4.05

44,405

4.20

44,957

4.19

Common Assault (Level 1)

79,127

7.80

84,580

8.01

84,965

7.91

Uttering Threats

41,783

4.12

45,120

4.27

44,667

4.16

Criminal Harassment

7,226

0.71

7,419

0.70

7,690

0.72

Weapons

28,489

2.81

33,940

3.21

36,325

3.38

Other Crimes Against Persons

7,151

0.70

7,683

0.73

8,514

0.79

 

Crimes Against Property

273,256

26.93

264,837

25.07

263,541

24.54

Theft

83,032

8.18

79,888

7.56

80,138

7.46

Break and Enter

29,680

2.93

28,842

2.73

28,680

2.67

Fraud

65,357

6.44

63,254

5.99

63,237

5.89

Mischief

34,096

3.36

34,581

3.27

36,051

3.36

Possession of Stolen Property

57,634

5.68

55,504

5.26

53,187

4.95

Other Property Crimes

3,457

0.34

2,768

0.26

2,248

0.21

 

Administration of Justice

227,503

22.42

247,120

23.40

257,112

23.95

Fail to Appear

24,014

2.37

23,421

2.22

23,377

2.18

Breach of probation

79,775

7.86

87,289

8.26

90,675

8.44

Unlawfully at large

6,924

0.68

5,708

0.54

5,827

0.54

Fail to Comply with Order

111,303

10.97

124,734

11.81

131,018

12.20

Other Admin. Justice

5,487

0.54

5,968

0.57

6,215

0.58

 

Other Criminal Code

58,532

5.77

71,057

6.73

74,033

6.89

Prostitution

3,727

0.37

3,346

0.32

3,616

0.34

Disturbing the Peace

6,307

0.62

6,172

0.58

6,207

0.58

Residual Criminal Code

48,498

4.78

61,539

5.83

64,210

5.98

 

Criminal Code Traffic

122,816

12.11

121,361

11.49

117,288

10.92

Impaired Driving

101,672

10.02

99,672

9.44

95,503

8.89

Other CC Traffic

21,144

2.08

21,689

2.05

21,785

2.03

 

Other Federal Statutes

103,863

10.24

105,150

9.96

110,392

10.28

Drug Possession

30,676

3.02

32,715

3.10

35,001

3.26

Drug Trafficking

25,757

2.54

25,520

2.42

26,910

2.51

Residual Federal Statutes

47,430

4.67

46,915

4.44

48,481

4.52

Total Offences

1,014,576

100.00

1,056,212

100.00

1,073,737

100.00

Source: Adult Criminal Court Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
Weapons have been included under "Crimes Against the Person" in this report. The Adult Criminal Court Survey groups these offences under "Other Criminal Code". Table excludes Youth Criminal Justice Act/Young Offenders Act offences. The Adult Criminal Court Survey groups these offences under "Other Federal Statutes". Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100 percent. Data from this survey are not nationally comprehensive as they do not include Manitoba for years prior to 2005-06. In addition, Superior Court data are not reported to the Adult Criminal Court Survey for Quebec, Ontario and Saskatchewan. The concept of a case has changed from previous editions of this report to more closely reflect court processing. Statistics from the Adult Criminal Court Survey used in this report should not be compared to those in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

Victimization Rates for Theft of Personal Property have Increased

Victimization Rates for Theft of Personal Property have Increased
Click to enlarge image

Source: General Social Survey, Statistics Canada, 1999 and 2004.

Note:
*Assault data includes incidents of spousal violence. In previous editions of this document, the victimization data excluded incidents of spousal violence.
The next General Social Survey is in 2009.
Rates are based on 1,000 population, 15 years of age and older.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

Victimization Rates for Theft of Personal Property have Increased

Type of Incident

Year

1999

2004

Theft of Personal Property

75

93

Sexual Assault

21

21

Robbery

9

11

Assault*

81

75

Source: General Social Survey, Statistics Canada, 1999 and 2004.

Note:
*Assault data includes incidents of spousal violence. In previous editions of this document, the victimization data excluded incidents of spousal violence.
The next General Social Survey is in 2009.
Rates are based on 1,000 population, 15 years of age and older.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

The Majority of Victims of Violent Crime are Under 30

The Majority of Victims of Violent Crime are Under 30
Click to enlarge image

Source: Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
Violent crimes include homicide, attempted murder, assault, sexual offences, abduction, robbery and traffic offences causing bodily harm and death.
The data do not represent 100% coverage. In 2008, 155 police services in all 10 provinces and 3 territories supplied data for the complete year to the UCR2 and represented approximately 98% of the population of Canada. The data excludes 4,661 cases where age was unknown, 2,076 cases where sex was unknown and 651 cases where both age and sex were unknown.
Due to rounding, totals may not add to 100 percent.

The Majority of Victims of Violent Crime are Under 30

Age of Victim

Males

Females

Total

#

%

#

%

#

%

0 to 4 years

1,731

0.9

1,868

1.0

3,599

1.0

5 to 9 years

3,860

2.1

3,744

2.0

7,604

2.0

10 to 14 years

15,105

8.2

13,684

7.2

28,789

7.7

15 to 19 years

30,116

16.3

31,100

16.5

61,216

16.4

20 to 24 years

26,174

14.2

28,930

15.3

55,104

14.7

25 to 29 years

20,715

11.2

23,102

12.2

43,817

11.7

30 to 34 years

16,757

9.1

19,492

10.3

36,249

9.7

35 to 39 years

16,683

9.0

18,592

9.8

35,275

9.4

40 to 44 years

16,035

8.7

16,861

8.9

32,896

8.8

45 to 49 years

14,168

7.7

13,244

7.0

27,412

7.3

50 to 54 years

9,765

5.3

7,967

4.2

17,732

4.7

55 to 59 years

6,027

3.3

4,367

2.3

10,394

2.8

60 to 64 years

3,589

1.9

2,435

1.3

6,024

1.6

65 to 69 years

1,855

1.0

1,382

0.7

3,237

0.9

70 to 74 years

998

0.5

789

0.4

1,787

0.5

75 and over

1,157

0.6

1,313

0.7

2,470

0.7

Total

184,735

100.0

188,870

100.0

373,605

100.0

Source: Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada

Note:
The data do not represent 100% coverage. In 2008, 155 police services in all 10 provinces and 3 territories supplied data for the complete year to the UCR2 and represented approximately 98% of the population of Canada. The data excludes 4,661 cases where age was unknown, 2,076 cases where sex was unknown and 651 cases where both age and sex were unknown.
Due to rounding, totals may not add to 100 percent.

Most Adult Custodial Sentences Ordered by the Court are Short

Most Adult Custodial Sentences Ordered by the Court are Short
Click to enlarge image

Source: Adult Criminal Court Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
Due to rounding, totals may not add to 100 percent.
Excludes cases where length of prison sentence was not known.
Superior Court data are not reported to the Adult Criminal Court Survey for Quebec, Ontario and Saskatchewan.
The concept of case has changed in the Adult Criminal Court Survey to more closely reflect court processing. As a result, these figures should not be compared to the court statistics reported in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

Most Adult Custodial Sentences Ordered by the Court are Short

Length of Prison Sentence

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

%

%

%

%

%

1 Month or Less

 

 

 

 

 

Women

65.2

68.0

68.3

68.7

69.9

Men

50.8

51.7

52.1

52.4

52.9

Total

52.2

53.3

53.7

54.2

54.6

More Than 1 Month to 6 Months

 

 

 

 

 

Women

21.5

19.9

22.6

22.9

22.2

Men

31.9

31.5

32.5

32.5

32.2

Total

30.9

30.4

31.5

31.5

31.1

More Than 6 Months to 12 Months

 

 

 

 

 

Women

3.3

2.4

4.6

3.9

4.0

Men

5.8

5.6

6.7

6.8

6.8

Total

5.6

5.3

6.5

6.5

6.7

More Than 1 Year to Less Than 2 Years

 

 

 

 

 

Women

1.7

1.4

1.7

1.9

1.9

Men

2.8

2.9

3.6

3.7

3.6

Total

2.7

2.8

3.4

3.5

3.5

2 Years or More

 

 

 

 

 

Women

1.7

2.2

2.0

2.1

2.0

Men

4.0

4.3

4.5

4.2

4.5

Total

3.8

4.1

4.3

4.0

4.2

Source: Adult Criminal Court Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
Due to rounding, totals may not add to 100 percent.
Excludes cases where length of prison sentence was not known.
Superior Court data are not reported to the Adult Criminal Court Survey for Quebec, Ontario and Saskatchewan.
The concept of case has changed in the Adult Criminal Court Survey to more closely reflect court processing. As a result, these figures should not be compared to the court statistics reported in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

Relatively few crimes result in sentences to federal Penitentiaries

Relatively few crimes result in sentences to federal Penitentiaries
Click to enlarge image

Source: 1Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Adult Criminal Court Survey and Adult Corrections Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada; 2Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*This figure only includes cases convicted in provincial court and partial data from Superior Court. The concept of case has changed in the Adult Criminal Court Survey to more closely reflect court processing. As a result, these figures should not be compared to the court statistics reported in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview.
#These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.
Police data are reported on a calendar year basis whereas court and prison data are reported on a fiscal year basis (April 1 through March 31).

Relatively few crimes result in sentences to federal Penitentiaries

 

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

Total Number of Offences Reported to Police1

2,680,215

2,608,736

2,606,882

2,534,730

2,473,087

Convicted cases in Adult Court1*#

238,456

244,572

242,988

Not available

Not available

Sentenced Admissions to Provincial/ Territorial Custody1

62,388

88,273

85,371

85,748

Not available

Warrant of Committal Admissions to Federal Facilities2

4,553

4,784

5,115

5,010

4,825

Source: 1Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Adult Criminal Court Survey and Adult Corrections Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada; 2Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*This figure only includes cases convicted in provincial court and partial data from Superior Court. The concept of case has changed in the Adult Criminal Court Survey to more closely reflect court processing. As a result, these figures should not be compared to the court statistics reported in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview.
#These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.
Police data are reported on a calendar year basis whereas court and prison data are reported on a fiscal year basis (April 1 through March 31).

The Rate of Youth Charged Peaked in 1991 and has Declined Steadily Since

The Rate of Youth Charged Peaked in 1991 and has Declined Steadily Since
Click to enlarge image

Source: Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
*For criminal justice purposes, youth are defined under Canadian law as persons aged 12 to 17 years.
Violent crimes include homicide, attempted murder, assault, sexual offences, abduction and robbery.
Property crimes include break and enter, motor vehicle thefts, other thefts, possession of stolen goods and fraud.
In 2008, 43.3% of all youths charged with violent crimes were charged with assault level 1 (minor assault).

The Rate of Youth Charged Peaked in 1991 and has Declined Steadily Since

Year

Type of Offence

Violent

Property

Other CCC

Total

 

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

1989

235

964

614

1,186

5,456

3,401

371

1,880

1,153

1,944

8,714

5,168

1990

286

1,072

696

1,335

5,912

3,712

364

1,982

1,202

2,178

9,430

5,610

1991

333

1,288

832

1,492

6,357

4,031

451

2,267

1,396

2,491

10,464

6,258

1992

365

1,327

869

1,450

5,615

3,629

480

2,197

1,375

2,539

9,709

5,874

1993

429

1,368

923

1,325

4,945

3,221

461

2,083

1,307

2,500

8,995

5,450

1994

406

1,382

918

1,186

4,511

2,924

421

1,983

1,234

2,288

8,502

5,077

1995

424

1,411

941

1,246

4,321

2,856

470

1,991

1,263

2,420

8,385

5,061

1996

432

1,386

932

1,200

4,185

2,761

599

1,938

1,250

2,419

8,158

4,943

1997

452

1,320

908

1,020

3,637

2,389

511

1,909

1,242

2,284

7,465

4,539

1998

451

1,307

902

953

3,331

2,198

542

1,925

1,266

2,250

7,162

4,365

1999

421

1,247

855

858

2,935

1,945

512

1,875

1,224

2,072

6,634

4,025

2000

455

1,332

915

851

2,796

1,869

541

1,977

1,291

2,152

6,717

4,075

2001

480

1,369

947

862

2,673

1,811

600

2,053

1,359

2,257

6,705

4,118

2002

481

1,307

916

850

2,484

1,708

567

1,931

1,280

2,215

6,309

3,904

2003

406

1,155

800

553

2,058

1,338

471

1,700

1,113

1,684

5,369

3,250

2004

397

1,107

770

472

1,806

1,167

469

1,616

1,068

1,582

4,967

3,005

2005

387

1,136

780

433

1,606

1,044

431

1,593

1,036

1,486

4,767

2,860

2006

389

1,135

780

450

1,469

982

442

1,615

1,052

1,514

4,647

2,814

2007

405

1,165

802

460

1,399

950

489

1,742

1,140

1,593

4,722

2,892

2008

404

1,120

778

448

1,273

878

497

1,674

1,108

1,590

4,486

2,764

Source: Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
For criminal justice purposes, youth are defined under Canadian law as persons aged 12 to 17 years.
Rates for "Total" are based on 100,000 youth population (12 to 17 years).
Rates for "Females" are based on 100,000 female youth population (12 to 17 years) and rates for "Males" are based on 100,000 male youth population (12 to 17 years).

The Most Common Youth Court Case is Theft

The Most Common Youth Court Case is Theft
Click to enlarge image

Source: Youth Court Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
*"Administration of Justice" category includes the offences failure to appear, failure to comply, breach of recognizance, escape and unlawfully at large.
**Youth Criminal Justice Act offences include failure to comply with a disposition or undertaking, contempt against youth court, assisting a youth to leave a place of custody and harbouring a youth unlawfully at large. Also included are similar offences under the Young Offenders Act, which preceded the Youth Criminal Justice Act.
The concept of a case has changed in the Youth Court Survey to more closely reflect court processing. As a result, these figures should not be compared to the youth court statistics reported in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

The Most Common Youth Court Case is Theft

Type of Case

Number of Youth Court Cases

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

 

Crimes Against the Person

20,342

18,570

16,988

16,805

17,122

Common Assault

7,440

6,768

5,953

5,940

5,682

Major Assault

3,892

3,633

3,400

3,488

3,435

Robbery

2,598

2,227

2,021

1,990

2,228

Weapons / Firearms / Explosives

1,896

1,854

1,861

1,839

1,996

Sexual Assault / Sexual Offences

1,499

1,451

1,305

1,252

1,165

Homicide and Related Offences

75

66

61

56

63

Other Crimes Against the Person

2,942

2,571

2,387

2,440

2,553

 

Crimes Against Property

31,359

25,532

22,722

21,522

21,279

Theft

12,413

9,211

7,977

7,503

7,687

Break and Enter

7,344

6,653

6,087

5,607

5,066

Possession of Stolen Goods

5,218

4,262

3,680

3,504

3,505

Mischief

4,647

3,765

3,557

3,728

3,878

Fraud

1,345

1,181

1,009

827

817

Other Crimes Against Property

392

460

412

353

326

 

Administration of Justice

5,924

5,186

4,904

4,793

4,945

Escape / Unlawfully at Large

1,131

889

666

596

549

Other Administration of Justice*

4,793

4,297

4,238

4,197

4,396

 

Other Criminal Code

4,119

3,819

3,475

3,558

3,561

Prostitution

28

27

11

26

19

Disturbing the Peace

363

260

230

228

244

Impaired Driving / Other CC traffic

1,329

1,216

1,136

1,049

1,086

Residual Criminal Code

2,399

2,316

2,098

2,255

2,212

 

Other Federal Statutes

14,409

10,895

9,499

9,393

9,556

Drug Possession

3,899

2,214

2,198

2,236

2,430

Drug Trafficking

1,635

1,427

1,309

1,243

1,305

Youth Criminal Justice Act**

8,678

7,118

5,828

4,966

4,795

Residual Federal Statutes

197

136

164

948

1,026

Total

76,153

64,002

57,588

56,071

56,463

Source: Youth Court Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
*"Other Administration of Justice" includes the offences failure to appear, failure to comply, and breach of recognizance.
**Youth Criminal Justice Act offences include failure to comply with a disposition or undertaking, contempt against youth court, assisting a youth to leave a place of custody and harbouring a youth unlawfully at large. Also included are similar offences under the Young Offenders Act, which preceded the Youth Criminal Justice Act.
The concept of a case has changed in the Youth Court Survey to more closely reflect court processing. As a result, these figures should not be compared to the youth court statistics reported in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

Fewer youth are receiving custodial sentences under the YCJA

Fewer youth are receiving custodial sentences under the YCJA
Click to enlarge image

Source: Youth Court Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
*"Other" includes absolute discharge, restitution, prohibition, seizure, forfeiture, compensation, pay purchaser, essays, apologies, counseling programs and conditional discharge. Commencing in 2003-04, it also includes conditional sentence, intensive support and supervision, attendance at non-residential program and reprimand.
The concept of a case has changed in the Youth Court Survey to more closely reflect court processing. As a result, these figures should not be compared to the youth court statistics reported in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

Fewer youth are receiving custodial sentences under the YCJA

Type of Disposition

Gender

Year

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

 

 

%

%

%

%

%

Probation

Female

70.0

61.0

60.1

59.6

57.4

 

Male

70.1

63.8

63.1

61.1

59.5

 

Total

70.0

63.2

62.4

60.1

58.6

Custody

Female

22.6

17.0

16.2

15.3

13.5

 

Male

28.1

23.4

22.4

19.9

18.1

 

Total

26.9

22.1

21.1

18.4

16.6

Community Service Order

Female

26.6

26.0

25.6

23.9

22.3

 

Male

27.2

27.7

27.7

26.1

25.1

 

Total

27.1

27.4

27.2

24.8

23.8

Fine

Female

5.2

5.2

4.9

4.1

4.0

 

Male

7.3

6.4

6.0

5.8

5.8

 

Total

6.9

6.2

5.8

5.5

5.5

Deferred Custody and Supervision

Female

0.0

1.0

2.7

3.0

2.5

 

Male

0.0

1.5

3.0

3.7

3.5

 

Total

0.0

1.4

3.0

3.5

3.2

Other*

Female

28.4

34.2

40.1

37.4

36.8

 

Male

31.1

35.6

42.1

41.0

40.3

 

Total

30.5

35.3

41.8

38.9

38.1

Source: Youth Court Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
*"Other" includes absolute discharge, restitution, prohibition, seizure, forfeiture, compensation, pay purchaser, essays, apologies, counseling programs and conditional discharge. Commencing in 2003-04, it also includes conditional sentence, intensive support and supervision, attendance at non-residential program and reprimand.
The concept of a case has changed in the Youth Court Survey to more closely reflect court processing. As a result, these figures should not be compared to the youth court statistics reported in previous editions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

Section B: Corrections Administration

Federal Expenditures on corrections increased in 2007-08

Federal Expenditures on corrections increased in 2007-08
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada; National Parole Board; Office of the Correctional Investigator, Statistics Canada Consumer Price Index.

Note:
Federal expenditures on corrections include the spending by the Correctional Service Canada (CSC), the National Parole Board (NPB) and the Office of the Correctional Investigator (OCI). The expenditures for the CSC include both operating and capital costs. CSC expenditures exclude CORCAN (a Special Operating Agency that conducts industrial operations within penitentiaries).
Constant dollars represent dollar amounts calculated on a one-year base (2002) that adjusts for inflation allowing the yearly amounts to be directly comparable. Changes in the Consumer Price Index were used to calculate constant dollars.

Federal Expenditures on corrections increased in 2007-08

Year

Current Dollars

Constant 2002 Dollars

Operating

Capital

Total

Per capita

Operating

Capital

Total

Per capita

 

$'000

 

 

$

$'000

 

 

$

2003-04

CSC

1,411,746

110,530

1,522,276

48.11

1,385,831

108,501

1,494,332

47.23

NPB

35,700

--

35,700

1.13

35,045

--

35,045

1.11

OCI

2,790

--

2,790

0.09

2,739

--

2,739

0.09

Total

1,450,236

110,530

1,560,766

49.33

1,423,614

108,501

1,532,115

48.42

2004-05

CSC

1,480,721

105,893

1,586,614

49.67

1,422,813

101,752

1,524,564

47.73

NPB

41,200

--

41,200

1.29

39,589

--

39,589

1.24

OCI

2,871

--

2,871

0.09

2,759

--

2,759

0.09

Total

1,524,792

105,893

1,630,685

51.05

1,465,160

101,752

1,566,912

49.06

2005-06

CSC

1,533,498

116,843

1,650,341

51.18

1,440,716

109,774

1,550,489

48.08

NPB

42,800

--

42,800

1.33

40,210

--

40,210

1.25

OCI

3,115

--

3,115

0.10

2,927

--

2,927

0.09

Total

1,579,413

116,843

1,696,256

52.60

1,483,853

109,774

1,593,626

49.42

2006-07

CSC

1,743,847

124,538

1,868,386

57.35

1,608,418

114,866

1,723,285

52.90

NPB

43,400

--

43,400

1.33

40,030

--

40,030

1.23

OCI

3,156

--

3,156

0.10

2,911

--

2,911

0.09

Total

1,790,403

124,538

1,914,942

58.78

1,651,359

114,866

1,766,226

54.21

2007-08

CSC

1,827,839

140,641

1,968,480

59.78

1,650,717

127,013

1,777,730

53.99

NPB

48,600

--

48,600

1.48

43,891

--

43,891

1.33

OCI

3,132

--

3,132

0.10

2,829

--

2,829

0.09

Total

1,879,571

140,641

2,020,212

61.35

1,697,436

127,013

1,824,449

55.41

Source: Correctional Service Canada; National Parole Board; Office of the Correctional Investigator, Statistics Canada Consumer Price Index.

Note:
Due to rounding, constant dollar amounts may not add to "Total".
Per capita cost is calculated by dividing the total expenditures by the total Canadian population and thus represents the cost per Canadian for federal correctional services.
Constant dollars represent dollar amounts calculated on a one-year base (2002) that adjusts for inflation allowing the yearly amounts to be directly comparable.
Changes in the Consumer Price Index were used to calculate constant dollars.

CSC Employees are concentrated in custody centres

CSC Employees are concentrated in custody centres
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*These parole officers are situated within institutions, with the responsibility of preparing offenders for release.
**CSC has changed its definition of employee. Previously the total number of employees included casual employees, employees on leave without pay and suspended employees. These categories have been removed from the total as of 2005-06. These numbers represent active employees as of March 31, 2009.

CSC Employees are concentrated in custody centres

Service Area

Number of Staff

Percent

 

Headquarters and Central Services

2,609

15.8

Administrative Support

2,198

13.3

Program Staff

108

0.7

Health Care Workers

111

0.7

Correctional Officers

44

0.3

Instructors / Supervisors

17

0.1

Parole Officers / Parole Supervisors

2

0.0

Other**

129

0.8

 

Custody Centres

12,590

76.1

Correctional Officers

6,382

38.6

Administrative Support

2,126

12.9

Health Care Workers

988

6.0

Parole Officers / Parole Supervisors*

727

4.4

Program Staff

839

5.1

Instructors / Supervisors

444

2.7

Other**

1,084

6.6

 

Community Supervision

1,337

8.1

Parole Officers / Parole Supervisors

714

4.3

Administrative Support

336

2.0

Program Staff

198

1.2

Health Care Workers

69

0.4

Correctional Officers

18

0.1

Other**

2

0.0

Total***

16,536

100.0

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*These parole officers are situated within institutions, with the responsibility of preparing offenders for release.
**The "Other" category represents job classifications such as trades and food services.
***CSC has changed its definition of employee. Previously the total number of employees included casual employees, employees on leave without pay and suspended employees. These categories have been removed from the total as of 2005-06. These numbers represent active employees as of March 31, 2009.
Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100.

The cost of keeping an inmate incarcerated has increased

The cost of keeping an inmate incarcerated has increased
Click to enlarge image

Source: Public Accounts of Canada, Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
The average daily inmate cost includes those costs associated with the operation of the institutions such as salaries and employee benefit plan contributions, but excludes capital expenditures and expenditures related to CORCAN (a Special Operating Agency that conducts industrial operations within penitentiaries).
In 2001-02, the cost allocation methodology was refined to better reflect expenditures directly related to offenders. In addition, the cost of keeping a woman incarcerated includes the cost of maximum security units for women co-located within institutions for men.

The cost of keeping an inmate incarcerated has increased

Categories

Annual Average Costs per Offender (current $)

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

Incarcerated Offenders

 

Maximum Security (males only)

110,223

113,591

113,645

121,294

135,870

Medium Security (males only)

71,640

75,661

75,251

80,545

87,498

Minimum Security (males only)

74,431

83,643

82,676

83,297

89,377

Women's Facilities

150,867

166,642

170,684

166,830

182,506

Exchange of Services Agreements

56,393

65,932

71,605

77,428

77,762

Incarcerated Average

83,276

87,919

88,067

93,030

101,666

Offenders in the Community

20,698

20,320

23,105

23,076

24,825

Total Incarcerated and Community

65,991

68,216

71,004

74,261

81,932

Source: Public Accounts of Canada, Correctional Service Canada

Note:
The average daily inmate cost includes those costs associated with the operation of the institutions such as salaries and employee benefit plan contributions, but excludes capital expenditures and expenditures related to CORCAN (a Special Operating Agency that conducts industrial operations within penitentiaries).
In 2001-02, the cost allocation methodology was refined to better reflect expenditures directly related to offenders. In addition, the cost of keeping a woman incarcerated includes the cost of maximum security units for women co-located within institutions for men.

The number of National Parole Board employees

The number of National Parole Board employees
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
Section 103 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act limits the National Parole Board to 45 full-time members.

The number of National Parole Board employees

Full-Time Equivalents

 

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

Strategic Outcome*

 

 

 

 

 

Conditional Release Decisions

296

305

278

288

291

Conditional Release Openness and Accountability

--

--

57

53

58

Pardon Decisions and Clemency Recommendations

40

65

32

36

39

Corporate Management

49

34

49

39

40

Total

385

404

416

416

428

Type of Employees

 

 

 

 

 

Full-time Board Members

41

43

40

41

37

Part-time Board Members

15

18

19

22

25

Staff

329

343

357

353

366

Total

385

404

416

416**

428

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*As of 2006-07, the Receiver General and Treasury Board Secretariat reporting requirements have been changed from Business Line to Strategic Outcome. Consequently, data regarding Conditional Release Openness and Accountability is unavailable prior to 2006-07.
**The National Parole Board transferred the Information Technology function to Correctional Services of Canada effective April 1st, 2007. This represented a reduction of 23 full-time equivalents.
Section 103 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act limits the National Parole Board to 45 full-time members.

The number of employees in the Office of the Correctional Investigator

The number of employees in the Office of the Correctional Investigator
Click to enlarge image

Source: Office of the Correctional Investigator.

Note:
*The Office of the Correctional Investigator (OCI) may commence an investigation on receipt of a complaint by or on behalf of an offender or on its own initiative. Complaints are made by telephone, letter and during interviews with the OCI's investigative staff at federal correctional facilities. The dispositions in response to complaints involve a combination of internal responses (where the information or assistance sought by the offender can generally be provided by the OCI's investigative staff) and investigations (where, further to a review/analysis of law, policies and documentation, OCI investigative staff make an inquiry or several interventions with Correctional Service Canada and submit recommendations to address the complaint). Investigations vary considerably in terms of scope, complexity, duration and resources required.

The number of employees in the Office of the Correctional Investigator

Full-Time Equivalents

 

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

Type of Employees

 

 

 

 

 

Correctional Investigator

1

1

1

1

1

Senior Management and Legal Counsel/Advisor

5

5

5

5

5

Investigative Services

13

13

13

13

16

Administrative Services

4

4

4

4

2

Total

23

23

23

23

24

Source: Office of the Correctional Investigator.

Health care is the most common area of offender complaint received by the Office of the Correctional Investigator

Health care is the most common area of offender complaint received by the Office of the Correctional Investigator
Click to enlarge image

Source: Office of the Correctional Investigator.

Note:
*The Office of the Correctional Investigator (OCI) may commence an investigation on receipt of a complaint by or on behalf of an offender or on its own initiative. Complaints are made by telephone, letter and during interviews with the OCI's investigative staff at federal correctional facilities. The dispositions in response to complaints involve a combination of internal responses (where the information or assistance sought by the offender can generally be provided by the OCI's investigative staff) and investigations (where, further to a review/analysis of law, policies and documentation, OCI investigative staff make an inquiry or several interventions with Correctional Service Canada and submit recommendations to address the complaint). Investigations vary considerably in terms of scope, complexity, duration and resources required.

Health care is the most common area of offender complaint received by the Office of the Correctional Investigator

Category of Complaint

Number of Complaints*

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

 

#

#

#

#

#

Health Care

891

913

916

849

851

Institutional Transfers

653

613

610

555

447

Cell Property

567

617

686

520

416

Administrative Segregation

468

467

453

406

423

Case Preparation for Decisions

348

410

429

379

257

Conditions of Confinement

330

427

374

350

373

Staff Performance

429

363

452

316

357

Visits

467

384

357

315

311

File Information

351

284

343

297

253

Grievance Procedures

378

293

296

264

209

Financial Matters

261

275

248

196

140

Telephone

211

195

180

189

195

Programs

220

291

239

180

186

Safety/Security of Offender

215

199

167

176

165

Security Classification

183

227

193

172

138

Employment

104

149

146

100

101

Cell Placement

93

118

128

79

43

Other**

1,234

1,046

1,155

852

978

Outside OCI's Terms of Reference

293

320

290

203

216

Total

7,696

7,591

7,662

6,398

6,059

Source: Office of the Correctional Investigator.

Note:
*The Office of the Correctional Investigator (OCI) may commence an investigation on receipt of a complaint by or on behalf of an offender or on its own initiative. Complaints are made by telephone, letter and during interviews with the OCI's investigative staff at federal correctional facilities. The dispositions in response to complaints involve a combination of internal responses (where the information or assistance sought by the offender can generally be provided by the OCI's investigative staff) and investigations (where, further to a review/analysis of law, policies and documentation, OCI investigative staff make an inquiry or several interventions with Correctional Service Canada and submit recommendations to address the complaint). Investigations vary considerably in terms of scope, complexity, duration and resources required.
**Other refers to other types of complaints not specified in the table and includes Claims Against the Crown, Community Programs/Supervision, Correspondence, Death or Serious Injury, General Decision/Implementation, Diet, Discipline, Discrimination, Food Services, Harassment, Health and Safety/ Worksite, Ion Scan/Drug Dog, Mental Health, Methadone, Official Languages, Operation/Decisions of the OCI, Release Procedures, Request for Information, Search and Seizure, Sentence Administration/Calculation, Temporary Absence Decision, Urinalysis and Use of Force.
The number of individual complaints processed by the OCI has decreased in recent years because the OCI has reallocated resources to sharpen its focus on systemic and death in custody investigations.

Section C: Offender Population

Federal offenders under the jurisdiction of Correctional Service of Canada

Federal offenders under the jurisdiction of Correctional Service of Canada
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Definitions:

Total Offender Population includes male and female federal offenders who are incarcerated (serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions and those on temporary absence), offenders who are temporarily detained, actively supervised, on bail, escaped, unlawfully at large and those that have been deported.

Incarcerated includes male and female federal offenders serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions.

Community Supervision includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole, statutory release, or in the community supervised on a long term supervision order, as well as those who are temporarily detained or paroled for deportation.

Actively Supervised includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole or statutory release, as well as those who are in the community on long-term supervision orders.

On Bail includes offenders on a judicial interim release; they have appealed their conviction or sentence and have been released to await the results of a new trial.

Temporarily Detained includes offenders who are physically held in a provincial detention centre or a federal institution after being suspended for a breach of a parole condition or to prevent a breach of parole conditions.

Deported includes offenders for whom a deportation order has been enforced by Citizenship and Immigration Canada.

Escaped includes offenders who have absconded from either a correctional facility or while on a temporary absence and whose whereabouts are unknown.

Unlawfully at Large includes offenders who have been released to the community on day parole, full parole, statutory release or a long term supervision order for whom a warrant for suspension has been issued, but has not yet been executed.

Federal offenders under the jurisdiction of Correctional Service of Canada

Status

Federal Offenders

 

#

 

%

 

Incarcerated

13, 286

 

58.4

 

On Bail

72

 

0.3

 

Actively Supervised

7,316

 

32.2

 

Day Parole

 

1,013

 

4.5

Full Parole

 

3,585

 

15.8

Statutory Release

 

2,489

 

10.9

Long Term Supervision Order

 

229

 

1.0

Temporarily Detained, while on:

1,035

 

4.5

 

Day Parole

 

127

 

0.6

Full Parole

 

134

 

0.6

Statutory Release

 

753

 

3.3

Long Term Supervision Order

 

21

 

0.1

Deported

365

 

1.6

 

Escaped

130

 

0.6

 

Unlawfully At Large

545

 

2.4

 

Total

22,749

 

100.0

 

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
It is possible for an offender under federal jurisdiction to serve his or her sentence in a provincial institution. The data presented include these offenders as they are still under federal jurisdiction.

The number of incarcerated federal offenders decreased in 2008-09

The number of incarcerated federal offenders decreased in 2008-09
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*The data reflect the number of offenders incarcerated at the end of each fiscal year. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.
The term "incarcerated federal offenders" refers to those offenders serving a sentence of two years or more who are currently serving their sentence in a federal or provincial correctional facility. These numbers include those offenders who are in the community on some form of temporary absence at the time of the count. These numbers do not include those offenders who have had their supervision period suspended and are temporarily detained, those offenders who are on bail, or those offenders who have escaped and have not yet been recaptured at the time of the count.
**Source: Adult Correctional Services Survey - Corrections Key Indicator Report for Adults and Young Offenders, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada

The number of incarcerated federal offenders decreased in 2008-09

Year

Incarcerated Offenders

Provincial/Territorial2

Total

Federal1

Sentenced

Remand Other/ Temporary Detention

Total

1999-00

12,816

11,436

6,664

531

18,631

31,447

2000-01

12,794

10,978

7,427

415

18,820

31,614

2001-02

12,663

10,956

7,972

334

19,262

31,925

2002-03

12,652

10,621

8,728

337

19,686

32,338

2003-04

12,413

9,863

9,163

342

19,368

31,781

2004-05

12,624

9,832

9,642

346

19,820

32,444

2005-06

12,671

9,618

10,879

332

20,829

33,500

2006-07

13,171

9,978

11,925

337

22,240

35,411

2007-08

13,581

9,750

12,888

387

23,026

36,607

2008-09

13,286

--

--

--

--

--

Source: 1Correctional Service Canada.; 2Adult Correctional Survey - Corrections Key Indicator Report for Adults and Young Offenders, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada

Note:
Incarcerated includes male and female federal offenders serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions.
The figures for federal offenders reflect yearly snapshots as of the last day of each fiscal year. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.
The figures for provincial and territorial offenders reflect annual average counts.
-- Data not available.

The number of admissions to federal jurisdiction has decreased

The number of admissions to federal jurisdiction has decreased
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*"Other" includes transfers from other jurisdictions (exchange of services), terminations, transfers from foreign countries, and admissions where a release is interrupted as a consequence of a new conviction.
These numbers refer to the federal jurisdiction admissions during each fiscal year and may be greater than the actual number of offenders admitted, since an individual offender may be admitted more than once in a given year. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.

The number of admissions to federal jurisdiction has decreased

 

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Warrant of Committal

 

1st Federal Sentence

216

3,025

239

3,160

276

3,407

274

3,356

278

3,272

All Others

20

1,292

35

1,350

42

1,390

34

1,346

35

1,240

Subtotal

236

4,317

274

4,510

318

4,797

308

4,702

313

4,512

Total

4,553

4,784

5,115

5,010

4,825

Revocations

153

3,090

162

3,125

156

3,219

147

3,237

167

3,065

Total

3,243

3,287

3,375

3,384

3,232

Other*

16

151

12

149

8

116

11

156

20

149

Total

167

161

124

167

169

 

405

7,558

448

7,784

482

8,138

466

8,095

500

7,726

Total Admissions

7,963

8,232

8,614

8,561

8,226

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*"Other" includes transfers from other jurisdictions through exchange of services, terminations, transfers from foreign countries, and admissions where a release is interrupted as a consequence of a new conviction.
These numbers refer to the federal jurisdiction admissions during each fiscal year and may be greater than the actual number of offenders admitted, since an individual offender may be admitted more than once in a given year. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.

The number of women admitted from the courts to federal jurisdiction has increased over the past decade

The number of women admitted from the courts to federal jurisdiction has increased over the past decade
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
A warrant of committal is a new admission to federal jurisdiction from the courts.

The number of women admitted from the courts to federal jurisdiction has increased over the past decade

Year

Warrant of Committal Admissions

Total

Women

Men

 

#

%

#

%

 

1999-00

227

5.2

4,122

94.8

4,349

2000-01

231

5.4

4,044

94.6

4,275

2001-02

202

4.9

3,914

95.1

4,116

2002-03

204

4.8

4,070

95.2

4,274

2003-04

237

5.6

3,990

94.4

4,227

2004-05

236

5.2

4,317

94.8

4,553

2005-06

274

5.7

4,510

94.3

4,784

2006-07

318

6.2

4,797

93.8

5,115

2007-08

308

6.1

4,702

93.9

5,010

2008-09

313

6.5

4,512

93.5

4,825

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
A warrant of committal is a new admission to federal jurisdiction from the courts.

Offender age at admission to federal jurisdiction is increasing

Offender age at admission to federal jurisdiction is increasing
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
A warrant of committal is a new admission to federal jurisdiction from the courts.

Offender age at admission to federal jurisdiction is increasing

Age at Admission

1999-00

2008-09

Women

Men

Total

Women

Men

Total

 

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

Under 18

1

0.4

8

0.2

9

0.2

0

0.0

3

0.1

3

0.1

18 and 19

15

6.6

216

5.2

231

5.3

9

2.9

145

3.2

154

3.2

20 to 24

43

18.9

818

19.8

861

19.8

41

13.1

821

18.2

862

17.9

25 to 29

51

22.5

755

18.3

806

18.5

54

17.3

844

18.7

898

18.6

30 to 34

34

15.0

720

17.5

754

17.3

61

19.5

609

13.5

670

13.9

35 to 39

41

18.1

650

15.8

691

15.9

42

13.4

601

13.3

643

13.3

40 to 44

21

9.3

410

9.9

431

9.9

50

16.0

554

12.3

604

12.5

45 to 49

12

5.3

243

5.9

255

5.9

27

8.6

425

9.4

452

9.4

50 to 59

6

2.6

215

5.2

221

5.1

25

8.0

356

7.9

381

7.9

60 to 69

3

1.3

72

1.7

75

1.7

4

1.3

120

2.7

124

2.6

70 and over

0

0.0

15

0.4

15

0.3

0

0.0

34

0.8

34

0.7

Total

227

4,122

4,349

313

4,512

4,825

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
A warrant of committal is a new admission to federal jurisdiction from the courts.
Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100 percent.

The average age at admission is lower for Aboriginal offenders than for non-Aboriginal offenders

The average age at admission is lower for Aboriginal offenders than for non-Aboriginal offenders
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
A warrant of committal is a new admission to federal jurisdiction from the courts.

The average age at admission is lower for Aboriginal offenders than for non-Aboriginal offenders

Age at Admission

1999-00

2008-09

Aboriginal

Non-Aboriginal

Total

Aboriginal

Non-Aboriginal

Total

 

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

Under 18

6

0.8

3

0.1

9

0.2

1

0.1

2

0.1

3

0.1

18 and 19

56

7.3

175

4.9

231

5.3

40

4.8

114

2.9

154

3.2

20 to 24

199

25.8

662

18.5

861

19.8

178

21.1

684

17.2

862

17.9

25 to 29

163

21.2

643

18.0

806

18.5

162

19.2

736

18.5

898

18.6

30 to 34

114

14.8

640

17.9

754

17.3

137

16.3

533

13.4

670

13.9

35 to 39

114

14.9

577

16.1

691

15.9

110

13.1

533

13.4

643

13.3

40 to 44

58

7.5

373

10.4

431

9.9

93

11.0

511

12.8

604

12.5

45 to 49

36

4.7

219

6.1

255

5.9

67

8.0

385

9.7

452

9.4

50 to 59

18

2.3

203

5.7

221

5.1

46

5.5

335

8.4

381

7.9

60 to 69

5

0.6

70

2.0

75

1.7

7

0.8

117

2.9

124

2.6

70 and over

1

0.1

14

0.4

15

0.3

1

0.1

33

0.8

34

0.7

Total

770

3,579

4,349

842

3,983

4,825

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
A warrant of committal is a new admission to federal jurisdiction from the courts.
Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100 percent.

18% of the federal incarcerated offender population is age 50 or over

18% of the federal incarcerated offender population is age 50 or over
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada; Statistics Canada.

Note:
*Preliminary Postcensal Estimates, July 1, 2008; Demography Division, Statistics Canada.
Incarcerated includes male and female federal offenders serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions, as well as those on temporary absence.

18% of the federal incarcerated offender population is age 50 or over

Age

Incarcerated

Community

Total

% of Canadian Adult Population

 

#

%

#

%

#

%

%

Under 18

2

0.0

0

0.0

2

0.0

--

18 and 19

115

0.9

11

0.1

126

0.6

3.5

20 to 24

1,536

11.6

664

7.6

2,220

10.0

8.7

25 to 29

2,140

16.1

1,134

13.0

3,274

14.9

8.7

30 to 34

1,818

13.7

1,115

12.8

2,933

13.3

8.4

35 to 39

1,842

13.9

1,062

12.2

2,904

13.2

8.8

40 to 44

1,863

14.0

1,116

12.8

2,979

13.5

9.7

45 to 49

1,591

12.0

1,097

12.6

2,688

12.2

10.4

50 to 54

1,012

7.6

813

9.3

1,825

8.3

9.6

55 to 59

635

4.8

651

7.5

1,286

5.8

8.2

60 to 64

381

2.9

465

5.3

846

3.8

6.8

65 to 69

203

1.5

291

3.3

494

2.2

5.1

70 and over

148

1.1

297

3.4

445

2.0

12.2

Total

13,286

100.0

8,716

100.0

22,002

100.0

100.0

Source: Correctional Service Canada; Statistics Canada.

Note:
*Preliminary Postcensal Estimates, July 1, 2008; Demography Division, Statistics Canada.
Incarcerated includes male and female federal offenders serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions, and those on temporary absence.
Community supervision includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole, statutory release or in the community supervised on a long term supervision order, as well as those who are temporarily detained or paroled for deportation.
The data presented is a snapshot of the offender population as of April 12, 2009.
Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100.0.

67% of federal offenders are Caucasian

67% of federal offenders are Caucasian
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
These data are self-identified by offenders while they are incarcerated, and the categories are not comprehensive; therefore, the reader should interpret these data with caution.
"Aboriginal" includes offenders who are Inuit, Innu, Métis and North American Indian.
"Asian" includes offenders who are Arab, West Indian, Asiatic, Chinese, East Indian, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, South East Asian and South Asian.
"Hispanic" includes offenders who are Hispanic and Latin American.
The data reflects the total offender population, which includes male and female federal offenders who are incarcerated (serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions, and those on temporary absence), offenders who are on community supervision, on bail, escaped and unlawfully at large. Community supervision includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole, statutory release, or in the community supervised on a long term supervision order, as well as those who are temporarily detained or paroled for deportation.

67% of federal offenders are Caucasian

Offender Population

 

2003-04

2008-09

 

#

%

#

%

Aboriginal

3,474

16.1

3,894

17.1

Inuit

118

0.5

163

0.7

Métis

948

4.4

1,035

4.5

North American Indian

2,408

11.2

2,696

11.9

Asian

878

4.1

1,097

4.8

Arab/West Asian

133

0.6

213

0.9

Asiatic

210

1.0

107

0.5

Chinese

113

0.5

140

0.6

East Indian

51

0.2

32

0.1

Filipino

40

0.2

56

0.2

Japanese

9

0.0

7

0.0

Korean

15

0.1

12

0.1

South East Asian

205

0.9

346

1.5

South Asian

102

0.5

184

0.8

Black

1,387

6.4

1,684

7.4

Caucasian

15,138

70.1

15,157

66.6

Hispanic

121

0.6

188

0.8

Hispanic

38

0.2

19

0.1

Latin American

83

0.4

169

0.7

Other/Unknown

584

2.7

729

3.2

Total

21,582

100.0

22,749

100.0

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
The data reflects the total offender population, which includes male and female federal offenders who are incarcerated (serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions and those on temporary absence), offenders who are on community supervision, on bail, escaped and unlawfully at large. Community supervision includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole, statutory release, or in the community supervised on a long term supervision order, as well as those who are temporarily detained or paroled for deportation.
These data are self-identified by offenders while they are incarcerated, and the categories are not comprehensive; therefore, the reader should interpret these data with caution.
The data reflect the number of offenders active at the end of each fiscal year. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.
Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100.0.

The religious identification of the offender population is diverse

The religious identification of the offender population is diverse
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
Religious identification is self-declared by offenders while they are incarcerated, and the categories are not comprehensive; therefore, the reader should interpret these data with caution.
Catholic includes offenders who are Catholic, Roman-Catholic, Greek-Catholic, Native-Catholic and Ukrainian-Catholic.
Orthodox includes offenders who are Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox and Ukrainian Orthodox.
Protestant includes offenders who are Anglican, Baptist, Christian Missionary, Christian Reform, Hutterite, Lutheran, Mennonite, Moravian, Native Spirit Protestant, Pentecostal, Presbyterian, Protestant, Salvation Army, Seventh Day Adventist, United Church, Christ Methodist, Christ Wesleyan and Worldwide Church.
Other includes other declared identifications such as Agnostic, Atheist, Baha'i, Christian Science, Hindu, Jehovah's Witness, Mormon, Rastafarian, Scientology, Siddha Yoga, Taoism, Pagan, Sufiism, Wicca and Zoroastrian.
The data reflect the total offender population, which includes federal offenders who are incarcerated (serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions, and those on temporary absence) and federal offenders who are on community supervision, on bail, escaped and unlawfully at large. Community supervision includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole, statutory release, or in the community supervised on a long term supervision order, as well as those who are temporarily detained or paroled for deportation.

The religious identification of the offender population is diverse

Offender Population

 

2003-04

2008-09

 

#

%

#

%

Catholic

9,304

43.1

8,916

39.2

Protestant

4,557

21.1

4,555

20.0

Muslim

758

3.5

919

4.0

Native Spirituality

682

3.2

844

3.7

Buddhist

381

1.8

402

1.8

Jewish

156

0.7

168

0.7

Orthodox

107

0.5

105

0.5

Sikh

88

0.4

141

0.6

Other

1,449

6.7

1,516

6.7

None

2,911

13.5

3,468

15.2

Unknown

1,189

5.5

1,715

7.5

Total

21,582

100.0

22,749

100.0

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
Religious identification is self-declared by offenders while they are incarcerated, and the categories are not comprehensive; therefore, the reader should interpret these data with caution.
The data reflect the total offender population, which includes federal offenders who are incarcerated (serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions, and those on temporary absence) and federal offenders who are on community supervision, on bail, escaped and unlawfully at large. Community supervision includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole, statutory release, or in the community supervised on a long term supervision order, as well as those who are temporarily detained or paroled for deportation.
The data reflect the number of offenders active at the end of each fiscal year. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.
Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100.0.

11% of federal offenders have a mental health diagnosis at admission

11% of federal offenders have a mental health diagnosis at admission
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
Data are from the Correctional Service of Canada's Offender Intake Assessment process, where all new admissions are screened at intake.
The percentage is taken from answers "Yes" and "No" to the Mental Health Indicator at time of admission. The unknown and the blank answers are not taken into consideration in the denominator.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

11% of federal offenders have a mental health diagnosis at admission

Mental Health Indicator At Time of Admission

Women

Men

Total

#

%

#

%

#

%

Diagnosis

52

21.8

394

10.4

446

11.1

Prescribed Psychiatric Medication

78

33.2

772

20.6

850

21.3

Past Psychiatric Hospitalization

72

30.1

547

14.5

619

15.5

Psychiatric Outpatient

21

8.7

225

5.9

246

6.1

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
Data are from the Correctional Service of Canada's Offender Intake Assessment process, where all new admissions are screened at intake.
The percentage is taken from answers "Yes" and "No" to the Mental Health Indicator at time of admission. The unknown and the blank answers are not taken into consideration in the denominator.
These statistics were previously reported in the 2008 Corrections and Conditional Release Statistical Overview. No new data are available.

The proportion of Aboriginal offenders incarcerated is higher than for non-Aboriginal offenders

The proportion of Aboriginal offenders incarcerated is higher than for non-Aboriginal offenders
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*2006 Census, Statistics Canada.
Incarcerated includes male and female federal offenders serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions.
The data reflect the number of offenders active at the end of each fiscal year. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.

The proportion of Aboriginal offenders incarcerated is higher than for non-Aboriginal offenders

 

Incarcerated

Community

Total

 

#

%

#

%

 

Men

2005-06

Aboriginal

2,245

68.3

1,041

31.7

3,286

 

Non-Aboriginal

10,018

59.5

6,824

40.5

16,842

 

Total

12,263

60.9

7,865

39.1

20,128

2006-07

Aboriginal

2,432

71.1

989

28.9

3,421

 

Non-Aboriginal

10,263

59.6

6,944

40.4

17,207

 

Total

12,695

61.5

7,933

38.5

20,628

2007-08

Aboriginal

2,493

70.7

1,031

29.3

3,524

 

Non-Aboriginal

10,593

60.8

6,842

39.2

17,435

 

Total

13,086

62.4

7,873

37.6

20,959

2008-09

Aboriginal

2,460

69.9

1,058

30.1

3,518

 

Non-Aboriginal

10,326

59.3

7,083

40.7

17,409

 

Total

12,786

61.1

8,141

38.9

20,927

Women

2005-06

Aboriginal

128

56.1

100

43.9

228

 

Non-Aboriginal

280

41.2

400

58.8

680

 

Total

408

44.9

500

55.1

908

2006-07

Aboriginal

148

59.0

103

41.0

251

 

Non-Aboriginal

328

44.4

410

55.6

738

 

Total

476

48.1

513

51.9

989

2007-08

Aboriginal

164

58.8

115

41.2

279

 

Non-Aboriginal

331

42.6

446

57.4

777

 

Total

495

46.9

561

53.1

1,056

2008-09

Aboriginal

157

58.1

113

41.9

270

 

Non-Aboriginal

343

42.6

462

57.4

805

 

Total

500

46.5

575

53.5

1,075

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
Incarcerated includes male and female federal offenders serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions.
Community supervision includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole, statutory release, or in the community supervised on a long term supervision order, as well as those who are temporarily detained or paroled for deportation.
The data reflect the number of offenders active at the end of each fiscal year. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.

The majority of incarcerated federal offenders are classified as medium security risk

The majority of incarcerated federal offenders are classified as medium security risk
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
The data represent the offender security level decision, as of April 12, 2009.

The majority of incarcerated federal offenders are classified as medium security risk

Security Risk Level

Aboriginal

Non-Aboriginal

Total

#

%

#

%

#

%

Minimum

360

14.4

2,054

20.6

2,414

19.4

Medium

1,685

67.5

6,424

64.6

8,109

65.2

Maximum

453

18.1

1,470

14.8

1,923

15.5

Total

2,498

100.0

9,948

100.0

1,246

100.0

Not Yet Determined*

119

 

721

 

840

 

Total

2,617

10,669

13,286

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*The "not yet determined" category includes offenders who have not yet been classified.
The data represent the offender security level decision, as of April 12, 2009.
Incarcerated offenders include male and female federal offenders serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions, as well as those on temporary absence.

Admissions with a life or indeterminate sentence decreased in 2008-09

Admissions with a life or indeterminate sentence decreased in 2008-09
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*Although life sentences and indeterminate sentences both may result in imprisonment for life, they are different. A life sentence is a sentence of life imprisonment, imposed by a judge at the time of sentence, for example for murder. An indeterminate sentence is a result of a designation, where an application is made to the court to declare an offender a Dangerous Offender, and the consequence of this designation is imprisonment for an indeterminate period.
A warrant of committal is a new admission to federal jurisdiction from the courts.

Admissions with a life or indeterminate sentence decreased in 2008-09

Year

Aboriginal Offenders

Non-Aboriginal Offenders

Total

Women

Men

Total

Women

Men

Total

Women

Men

Total

1999-00

4

27

31

4

128

132

8

155

163

2000-01

2

31

33

8

124

132

10

155

165

2001-02

2

31

33

4

121

125

6

152

158

2002-03

1

34

35

3

111

114

4

145

149

2003-04

0

18

18

2

120

122

2

138

140

2004-05

1

22

23

5

119

124

6

141

147

2005-06

4

38

42

8

124

132

12

162

174

2006-07

4

33

37

11

125

136

15

158

173

2007-08

4

27

31

3

144

147

7

171

178

2008-09

3

30

33

2

127

129

5

157

162

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
This table combines offenders serving life sentences and offenders serving indeterminate sentences.
Although life sentences and indeterminate sentences both may result in imprisonment for life, they are different. A life sentence is a sentence of life Imprisonment, imposed by a judge at the time of sentence, for example for murder. An indeterminate sentence is a result of a designation, where an application is made to the court to declare an offender a Dangerous Offender, and the consequence of this designation is imprisonment for an indeterminate period.

Offenders with Life or Indeterminate sentences represent 22% of the total offender population

Offenders with Life or Indeterminate sentences represent 22% of the total offender population
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*Although life sentences and indeterminate sentences may both result in imprisonment for life, they are different. A life sentence is a sentence of life imprisonment, imposed by a judge at the time of sentence, for example for murder. An indeterminate sentence is a result of a designation, where an application is made to the court to declare an offender a Dangerous Offender, and the consequence of this designation is imprisonment for an indeterminate period. The Dangerous Sexual Offender and Habitual Offender designations were replaced with Dangerous Offender Legislation in 1977.

Offenders with Life or Indeterminate sentences represent 22% of the total offender population

 

Offenders under
CSC Jurisdiction

Current Status

Custody

Community

Incarcerated

Day Parole

Full Parole

Other***

 

#

%

 

 

 

 

Offenders with a life sentence for:

1st Degree Murder

983

4.3

781

41

150

11

2nd Degree Murder

3,292

14.5

1,802

199

1,152

139

Other Offences*

220

1.0

109

12

78

21

Total

4,495

19.8

2,692

252

1,380

171

Offenders with indeterminate sentences resulting from the special designation of:

Dangerous Offender

392

1.7

376

4

11

1

Dangerous Sexual Offender

40

0.2

20

2

16

2

Habitual Offenders

8

0.0

0

0

3

5

Total

440

1.9

396

6

30

8

Offenders serving an indeterminate sentence (due to a special designation) and a life sentence (due to an offence)

 

20

0.1

17

0

2

1

Total offenders with Life and/or Indeterminate sentence

4,955

21.8

3,105

258

1,412

180

Offenders Serving Determinate sentences**

17,794

78.2

11,216

755

2,173

3,650

Total

22,749

100.0

14,321

1,013

3,585

3,830

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*Other offences include Schedule 1, Schedule 2 and Non-Schedule types of offences.
**This includes four offenders designated as Dangerous Offenders who are serving determinate sentences.
***Other in the Community includes federal offenders on bail, statutory release, on a long term supervision order, deported, have escaped, or are unlawfully at large. As offenders serving a life or indeterminate sentence are ineligible for Statutory Release, this includes a total of 136 offenders who have been deported, four on bail, 12 escapes, and 28 unlawfully at large.
Offenders in custody include offenders who are temporarily detained and presently in custody.
Among the 20 offenders serving an indeterminate sentence (due to a special designation) and a life sentence (due to an offence), there is one Dangerous Sexual Offender and one Habitual Offender.
One offender who received a Dangerous Offender designation on April 3, 2009, is not represented in the above table (C14).

69% of federal offenders are serving a sentence for a violent offence*

69% of federal offenders are serving a sentence for a violent offence*
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*Violent offence includes Murder I, Murder II and Schedule I offences.
Schedule I is comprised of sexual offences and other violent crimes excluding first and second degree murder (see the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).
Schedule II is comprised of serious drug offences or conspiracy to commit serious drug offences (see the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).
In cases where the offender is serving a sentence for more than one offence, the data reflect the most serious offence.

69% of federal offenders are serving a sentence for a violent offence*

Offence Category

Aboriginal

Non-Aboriginal

Total

Women

Men

Total

Women

Men

Total

Women

Men

Total

Murder I

3

140

143

25

831

856

28

971

999

Percent

1.1

3.9

3.7

3.0

4.6

4.5

2.5

4.5

4.4

Murder II

38

528

566

103

2,638

2,741

141

3,166

3,307

Percent

13.7

14.6

14.5

12.3

14.6

14.5

12.6

14.6

14.5

Schedule I

162

2,248

2,410

257

8,617

8,874

419

10,865

11,284

Percent

58.3

62.2

61.9

30.6

47.8

47.1

37.5

50.2

49.6

Schedule II

51

221

272

299

3,305

3,604

350

3,526

3,876

Percent

18.3

6.1

7.0

35.6

18.3

19.1

31.3

16.3

17.0

Non-Schedule

24

479

503

156

2,624

2,780

180

3,103

3,283

Percent

8.6

13.2

12.9

18.6

14.6

14.7

16.1

14.3

14.4

Total

278

3,616

 

840

18,015

 

1,118

21,631

 

 

3,894

 

18,885

 

22,749

 

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*Violent offence includes Murder I, Murder II and Schedule I offences.
Schedule I is comprised of sexual offences and other violent crimes excluding first and second degree murder (see the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).
Schedule II comprises serious drug offences or conspiracy to commit serious drug offences (see the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).
The data reflect the total offender population, which includes male and female federal offenders who are incarcerated (serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions, and those on temporary absence), offenders who are on community supervision, on bail, escaped and unlawfully at large. Community supervision includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole, statutory release, or in the community supervised on a long term supervision order, as well as those who are temporarily detained or paroled for deportation.
These figures are based on the offender population as of April 12, 2009.

The number of aboriginal offenders under federal jurisdiction is increasing

The number of aboriginal offenders under federal jurisdiction is increasing
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*Incarcerated includes male and female federal offenders serving their sentences in federal or provincial institutions.
**Community supervision includes federal offenders on day parole, full parole, statutory release, or in the community supervised on a long term supervision order, as well as those who are temporarily detained or paroled for deportation.

The number of aboriginal offenders under federal jurisdiction is increasing

Aboriginal Offenders

Fiscal Year

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

Incarcerated

 

 

 

 

 

 

Atlantic Region

Men

83

75

110

120

118

 

Women

3

9

7

4

5

Quebec Region

Men

184

201

218

226

250

 

Women

3

3

6

14

10

Ontario Region

Men

290

296

323

351

373

 

Women

11

12

24

25

25

Prairie Region

Men

1,213

1,268

1,367

1,357

1,292

 

Women

69

85

93

99

89

Pacific Region

Men

426

405

414

439

427

 

Women

14

19

18

22

28

National Total

Men

2,196

2,245

2,432

2,493

2,460

 

Women

100

128

148

164

157

 

Total

2,296

2,373

2,580

2,657

2,617

Community

 

 

 

 

 

 

Atlantic Region

Men

31

33

25

37

45

 

Women

5

8

8

10

6

Quebec Region

Men

67

82

85

81

83

 

Women

2

3

1

1

2

Ontario Region

Men

112

109

121

152

142

 

Women

10

9

12

21

21

Prairie Region

Men

598

605

550

543

574

 

Women

57

66

68

62

64

Pacific Region

Men

186

212

208

218

214

 

Women

17

14

14

21

20

National Total

Men

994

1,041

989

1,031

1,058

 

Women

91

100

103

115

113

 

Total

1,085

1,141

1,092

1,146

1,171

Total Incarcerated & Community

3,381

3,514

3,672

3,803

3,788

Source: Correctional Service Canada

Note:
Regional statistics for the Correctional Service of Canada account for data relating to the northern territories in the following manner: data for Nunavut are reported in the Ontario Region, data for the Northwest Territories are reported in the Prairies region and data for the Yukon Territories are reported in the Pacific Region.

The number of offender deaths while in custody has fluctuated

The number of offender deaths while in custody has fluctuated
Click to enlarge image

Source: Adult Correctional Services Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada

Note:
*Other causes of death include: natural causes, accidental deaths, death as a result of a legal intervention, other causes of death and where cause of death was not stated.
**For the calculation of rates, the total actual in-count numbers between 1998-99 and 2007-08 was used as the denominator.

The number of offender deaths while in custody has fluctuated

Year

Type of Death

Homicide

Suicide

Other*

Total

 

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

Federal

1998-99

7

10.9

17

26.6

40

62.5

64

1999-00

8

13.6

11

18.6

40

67.8

59

2000-01

0

0.0

9

20.9

34

79.1

43

2001-02

1

2.0

13

25.5

37

72.5

51

2002-03

2

4.1

12

24.5

35

71.4

49

2003-04

8

11.9

11

16.4

48

71.6

67

2004-05

3

6.1

9

18.4

37

75.5

49

2005-06

3

6.1

10

20.4

36

73.5

49

2006-07

3

4.9

10

16.4

48

78.7

61

2007-08

1

2.5

5

12.5

34

85.0

40

Total

36

6.8

107

20.1

389

73.1

532

Provincial

1998-99

3

7.9

19

50.0

16

42.1

38

1999-00

3

6.3

26

54.2

19

39.6

48

2000-01

1

2.0

28

57.1

20

40.8

49

2001-02

0

0.0

16

40.0

24

60.0

40

2002-03

2

7.4

14

51.9

11

40.7

27

2003-04

0

0.0

7

38.9

11

61.1

18

2004-05

0

0.0

12

25.0

36

75.0

48

2005-06

2

4.0

20

40.0

28

56.0

50

2006-07

0

0.0

8

23.5

26

76.5

34

2007-08

0

0.0

6

20.7

23

79.3

29

Total

11

2.9

156

40.9

214

56.2

381

Total Federal and Provincial Offender Deaths

47

5.1

263

28.8

603

66.0

913

Source: Adult Correctional Services Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada

Note:
Percent calculation include deaths where the cause was unknown. Between 1998-99 and 2007-08, there were nine deaths in federal custody and 43 deaths in provincial custody where the cause was unknown.
*Other causes of death include: natural causes, accidental deaths, death as a result of a legal intervention, other causes of death and where cause of death was not stated.

The number of escapes has decreased

The number of escapes has decreased
Click to enlarge image

Source: Security, Correctional Service Canada.

The number of escapes has decreased

Type of Escapes

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

Escapes from Multi-level Institutions

1

0

0

0

1

Number of Escapees

1

0

0

0

1

Escapes from Maximum Security Level Institutions

0

0

0

0

0

Number of Escapees

0

0

0

0

0

Escapes from Medium Security Level Institutions

1

0

0

0

0

Number of Escapees

1

0

0

0

0

Escapes from Minimum Security Level Institutions

30

23

31

29

21

Number of Escapees

31

26

37

33

23

Total Number of Escape Incidents

32

23

31

29

22

Total Number of Escapees

33

26

37

33

24

Source: Security, Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
The data represent the number of escape incidents from federal facilities during each fiscal year. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.
An escape incident can involve more than one offender.

The supervised federal offender population in the community has increased since 2004-05

The supervised federal offender population in the community has increased since 2004-05
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.
**The data presented above do not include offenders temporarily detained following suspension of a conditional release, offenders who were on long term supervision orders (See Figure/Table E4), offenders paroled for deportation or offenders unlawfully at large.
Day parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board whereby offenders are permitted to participate in community-based activities in preparation for full parole or statutory release. The conditions require offenders to return nightly to an institution or half-way house unless otherwise authorized by the National Parole Board.
Full parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board whereby the remainder of the sentence is served under supervision in the community.
Statutory release refers to a conditional release that is subject to supervision after the offender has served two-thirds of the sentence.

The supervised federal offender population in the community has increased since 2004-05

Supervision Type of Federal Offenders

Year

Day Parole

Full Parole

Statutory Release

Totals

% change*

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Both

Both

1999-00

83

1,200

334

4,013

35

2,184

452

7,397

7,849

1.9

2000-01

68

1,097

328

3,925

51

2,112

447

7,134

7,581

-3.4

2001-02

55

1,018

298

3,654

56

2,109

409

6,781

7,190

-5.2

2002-03

71

969

267

3,469

54

2,132

392

6,570

6,962

-3.2

2003-04

67

986

259

3,412

42

2,120

368

6,518

6,886

-1.1

2004-05

90

872

249

3,296

69

1,999

408

6,167

6,575

-4.5

2005-06

75

1,002

285

3,231

64

1,998

424

6,231

6,655

1.2

2006-07

97

973

289

3,243

64

2,116

450

6,332

6,782

1.9

2007-08

102

957

292

3,251

89

2,100

483

6,308

6,791

0.1

2008-09

86

927

322

3,263

103

2,386

511

6,576

7,087

4.4

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*Percent change is measured from the previous year.
These cases reflect the number of offenders on active supervision at fiscal year end. A fiscal year runs from April 1 to March 31 of the following year.
The data presented above do not include offenders temporarily detained following suspension of a conditional release, offenders who were on long term supervision orders (See Figure/Table E4), offenders paroled for deportation or offenders unlawfully at large.

In the past five years, the provincial/territorial community corrections population has decreased

In the past five years, the provincial/territorial community corrections population has decreased
Click to enlarge image

Source: Adult Correctional Services Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
As of press time, the 2008-09 statistics were unavailable for this publication.
A conditional sentence is a disposition of the court where the offender serves a term of imprisonment in the community under specified conditions. This type of sentence can only be imposed in cases where the term of imprisonment would be less than two years. Conditional sentences have been a provincial and territorial sentencing option since September 1996.
Probation count data are not available for Nunavut in 1999-00, 2000-01, 2002-03 and 2003-04 and for New Brunswick in 2000-01. Data are not available from the Northwest Territories for all years except 2002-03.
--Data reporting conditional sentences begins in 1997-98 as this was the first full year for which data were available. For 1998-99 and 1999-00, figures are not available for Prince Edward Island. For 1997-98 to 2000-01, figures are not available for New Brunswick. For 1997-98 to 2005-06, figures are not available for the Northwest Territories. For 1999-00, 2000-01, 2002-03 and 2003-04 figures are not available for Nunavut.

In the past five years, the provincial/territorial community corrections population has decreased

Year

Average Monthly Offender Counts on Probation

Average Monthly Offender Counts on Conditional Sentence

Total

1998-99

101,868

7,627

109,495

1999-00

102,785

8,984

111,769

2000-01

100,441

9,885

110,326

2001-02

103,956

12,209

116,165

2002-03

105,062

13,193

118,255

2003-04

100,993

13,632

114,625

2004-05

98,736

13,912

112,648

2005-06

98,073

14,143

112,216

2006-07

95,660

13,148

108,808

2007-08

95,419

12,797

108,216

Source: Adult Correctional Services Survey - Corrections Key Indicator Report for Adults and Young Offenders, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada.

Note:
As of press time, the 2008-09 statistics were unavailable for this publication.
A conditional sentence is a disposition of the court where the offender serves a term of imprisonment in the community under specified conditions. This type of sentence can only be imposed in cases where the term of imprisonment would be less than two years. Conditional sentences have been a provincial and territorial sentencing option since September 1996.
Probation count data are not available for Nunavut in 1999-00, 2000-01, 2002-03 and 2003-04 and for New Brunswick in 2000-01. Data are not available from the Northwest Territories for all years except 2002-03.
--Data reporting conditional sentences begins in 1997-98 as this was the first full year for which data were available. For 1998-99 and 1999-00, figures are not available for Prince Edward Island. For 1997-98 to 2000-01, figures are not available for New Brunswick. For 1997-98 to 2005-06, figures are not available for the Northwest Territories. For 1999-00, 2000-01, 2002-03 and 2003-04 figures are not available for Nunavut.

The number of offenders on provincial parole has decreased over the past decade

The number of offenders on provincial parole has decreased over the past decade
Click to enlarge image

Source: Adult Corrections Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada

Note:
As of press time, the 2008-09 statistics were unavailable for this publication.
Provincial parole boards operate in Quebec and Ontario. On April 1, 2007, the National Parole Board assumed responsibility for parole decisions relating to offenders serving sentences in British Columbia's provincial correctional facilities. The National Parole Board has jurisdiction over granting parole to provincial offenders in the Atlantic and Prairie provinces and to territorial offenders in the Yukon, Nunavut and Northwest Territories.

The number of offenders on provincial parole has increased

Year

Average Monthly Counts on Provincial Parole

Provincial Boards

National Parole Board*

Total

Percent Change

Quebec

Ontario

British Columbia

Total

1998-99

1,334

574

239

2,147

287

2,434

-13.5

1999-00

1,291

406

203

1,900

336

2,236

-8.1

2000-01

903

322

249

1,474

287

1,761

-21.2

2001-02

846

276

265

1,387

229

1,616

-8.2

2002-03

581

210

223

1,014

195

1,209

-25.1

2003-04

550

146

189

885

190

1,075

-11.1

2004-05

517

127

166

810

176

986

-8.3

2005-06

628

152

147

927

163

1,090

10.3

2006-07

593

142

120

855

136

991

-9.1

2007-08

531

205

n/a

736

237

973

-1.8

Source: Adult Corrections Survey, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada

Note:
As of press time, the 2008-09 statistics were unavailable for this publication.
*The data represent the number of provincial offenders who are released from custody on the authority of the National Parole Board and supervised by the Correctional Service of Canada.
Provincial parole boards operate in Quebec and Ontario. On April 1, 2007, the National Parole Board assumed responsibility for parole decisions relating to offenders serving sentences in British Columbia's provincial correctional facilities. The National Parole Board has jurisdiction over granting parole to provincial offenders in the Atlantic and Prairie provinces and to territorial offenders in the Yukon, Nunavut and Northwest Territories.

Section D: Conditional Release

The federal full parole grant rate has stabilized

The federal full parole grant rate has stabilized
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
The grant rate represents the percentage of pre-release reviews resulting in a grant by the National Parole Board.
Day parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board in which offenders are permitted to participate in community-based activities in preparation for full parole or statutory release. The conditions require offenders to return nightly to an institution or half-way house unless otherwise authorized by the National Parole Board.
Not all offenders apply for day parole, and some apply more than once before being granted day parole.
Full parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board in which the remainder of the sentence is served under supervision in the community.
The National Parole Board must review the cases of all offenders for full parole at the time prescribed by legislation, unless the offender advises the National Parole Board in writing that he/she does not wish to be considered for full parole.

The federal full parole grant rate has stabilized

Type of Release

Year

Granted

Denied

Grant Rate (%)

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Total

Day Parole

1999-00

231

3,609

38

1,428

85.9

71.6

72.4

 

2000-01

224

3,236

27

1,325

89.2

70.9

71.9

 

2001-02

189

2,981

29

1,228

86.7

70.8

71.6

 

2002-03

196

2,830

24

1,181

89.1

70.6

71.5

 

2003-04

213

2,909

25

1,047

89.5

73.5

74.4

 

2004-05

258

2,819

24

1,027

91.5

73.3

74.5

 

2005-06

247

2,961

33

1,087

88.2

73.1

74.1

 

2006-07

263

2,902

41

1,312

86.5

68.9

70.1

 

2007-08

285

2,855

38

1,264

88.2

69.3

70.7

 

2008-09

276

2,767

38

1,338

87.9

67.4

68.9

Full Parole

1999-00

195

1,974

84

2,739

69.9

41.9

43.4

 

2000-01

173

1,641

57

2,407

75.2

40.5

42.4

 

2001-02

148

1,512

53

2,128

73.6

41.5

43.2

 

2002-03

113

1,391

57

1,965

66.5

41.4

42.7

 

2003-04

156

1,449

48

1,897

76.5

43.3

45.2

 

2004-05

155

1,376

72

1,750

68.3

44.0

45.7

 

2005-06

168

1,486

67

1,958

71.5

43.1

45.0

 

2006-07

168

1,450

82

2,058

67.2

41.3

43.1

 

2007-08

168

1,398

70

2,008

70.6

41.0

43.0

 

2008-09

209

1,427

60

2,018

77.7

41.4

44.0

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
The grant rate represents the percentage of pre-release reviews resulting in a grant by the National Parole Board.
Day parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board in which offenders are permitted to participate in community-based activities in preparation for full parole or statutory release. The conditions require offenders to return nightly to an institution or half-way house unless otherwise authorized by the National Parole Board.
Not all offenders apply for day parole, and some apply more than once before being granted day parole.
Full parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board in which the remainder of the sentence is served under supervision in the community.
The National Parole Board must review the cases of all offenders for full parole at the time prescribed by legislation, unless the offender advises the National Parole Board in writing that he/she does not wish to be considered for full parole.

The federal parole grant rate for Aboriginal offenders decreased in 2008-09

The federal parole grant rate for Aboriginal offenders decreased in 2008-09
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
The grant rate represents the percentage of pre-release reviews resulting in a grant by the National Parole Board.
Day parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board in which offenders are permitted to participate in community-based activities in preparation for full parole or statutory release. The conditions require offenders to return nightly to an institution or half-way house unless otherwise authorized by the National Parole Board.
Not all offenders apply for day parole, and some apply more than once before being granted day parole.
Full parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board in which the remainder of the sentence is served under supervision in the community.
The National Parole Board must review the cases of all offenders for full parole at the time prescribed by legislation, unless the offender advises the National Parole Board in writing that he/she does not wish to be considered for full parole.

The federal parole grant rate for Aboriginal offenders decreased in 2008-09

Type of Release

Year

Aboriginal

Denied

Total Number
Granted/ Denied

Number Granted

Number Denied

Grant Rate (%)

Number Granted

Number Denied

Grant Rate (%)

Day Parole

1999-00

533

230

69.9

3,307

1,236

72.8

5,306

 

2000-01

531

194

73.2

2,929

1,158

71.7

4,812

 

2001-02

479

163

74.6

2,691

1,094

71.1

4,427

 

2002-03

484

178

73.1

2,542

1,027

71.2

4,231

 

2003-04

495

157

75.9

2,627

915

74.2

4,194

 

2004-05

487

149

76.6

2,590

902

74.2

4,128

 

2005-06

570

194

74.6

2,638

926

74.1

4,328

 

2006-07

514

243

67.9

2,651

1,110

70.5

4,518

 

2007-08

477

209

69.5

2,663

1,093

70.9

4,442

 

2008-09

445

243

64.7

2,598

1,133

69.6

4,419

Full Parole

1999-00

245

443

35.6

1,924

2,380

44.7

4,992

 

2000-01

207

366

36.1

1,607

2,098

43.4

4,278

 

2001-02

185

314

37.1

1,475

1,867

44.1

3,841

 

2002-03

173

323

34.9

1,331

1,699

43.9

3,526

 

2003-04

197

290

40.5

1,408

1,655

46.0

3,550

 

2004-05

187

287

39.5

1,344

1,535

46.7

3,353

 

2005-06

195

372

34.4

1,459

1,653

46.9

3,679

 

2006-07

154

375

29.1

1,464

1,765

45.3

3,758

 

2007-08

162

331

32.9

1,404

1,747

44.6

3,644

 

2008-09

149

354

29.6

1,487

1,724

46.3

3,714

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
The grant rate represents the percentage of pre-release reviews resulting in a grant by the National Parole Board.
Day parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board in which offenders are permitted to participate in community-based activities in preparation for full parole or statutory release. The conditions require offenders to return nightly to an institution or half-way house unless otherwise authorized by the National Parole Board.
Not all offenders apply for day parole, and some apply more than once before being granted day parole.
Full parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board in which the remainder of the sentence is served under supervision in the community.
The National Parole Board must review the cases of all offenders for full parole at the time prescribed by legislation, unless the offender advises the National Parole Board in writing that he/she does not wish to be considered for full parole.

Federal parole hearings involving an aboriginal cultural advisor decreased for the third year

Federal parole hearings involving an aboriginal cultural advisor decreased for the third year
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
The presence of an Aboriginal Cultural Advisor is an alternative approach to the traditional parole hearing, which was introduced by the National Parole Board to ensure that conditional release hearings were sensitive to Aboriginal cultural values and traditions. This type of hearing is available to both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal offenders.

Federal parole hearings involving an aboriginal cultural advisor decreased for the third year

Year

Hearings held with an Aboriginal Cultural Advisor

Aboriginal Offenders

Non-Aboriginal Offenders

All Offenders

Total Hearings

With Cultural Advisor

Total Hearings

With Cultural Advisor

Total Hearings

With Cultural Advisor

 

#

#

%

#

#

%

#

#

%

1999-00

1,248

278

22.3

5,581

14

0.3

6,829

292

4.3

2000-01

1,141

329

28.8

5,254

35

0.7

6,395

364

5.7

2001-02

1,113

429

38.5

4,761

43

0.9

5,874

472

8.0

2002-03

1,179

477

40.5

5,018

51

1.0

6,197

528

8.5

2003-04

1,234

552

44.7

5,117

71

1.4

6,351

623

9.8

2004-05

1,295

616

47.6

5,080

96

1.9

6,375

712

11.2

2005-06

1,356

643

47.4

5,219

99

1.9

6,575

742

11.3

2006-07

1,308

598

45.7

5,326

87

1.6

6,634

685

10.3

2007-08

1,199

465

33.8

4,800

56

1.2

5,999

521

8.7

2008-09

1,149

418

36.4

4,482

60

1.3

5,631

478

8.5

Source: National Parole Board

Note:
The presence of an Aboriginal Cultural Advisor is an alternative approach to the traditional parole hearing, which was introduced by the National Parole Board to ensure that conditional release hearings were sensitive to Aboriginal cultural values and traditions. This type of hearing is available to both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal offenders.

Offenders granted full parole serve about 40% of their sentence prior to starting full parole

Offenders granted full parole serve about 40% of their sentence prior to starting full parole
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
Timing of parole in the sentence refers to the percentage of the sentence served at the time the first day parole or full parole starts during the sentence. In most cases a full parole is preceded by a day parole.
These calculations are based on sentences under federal jurisdiction excluding life sentences and indeterminate sentences.
Offenders (other than those serving life or indeterminate sentences or subject to judicial determination) normally become eligible for full parole after serving 1/3 of their sentence or seven years, whichever is less. Eligibility for day parole is normally at 6 months before full parole eligibility or at 1/6 of the sentence for cases that meet the accelerated parole review criteria (see Section 125 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).

Offenders granted full parole serve about 40% of their sentence prior to starting full parole

Year

Type of Supervision

First Day Parole

First Full Parole

Women

Men

Total

Women

Men

Total

 

Percentage of sentence incarcerated

1999-00

24.8

31.2

30.7

37.4

39.5

39.4

2000-01

26.0

31.2

30.7

36.8

39.3

39.0

2001-02

26.8

32.0

31.6

36.6

39.1

38.8

2002-03

26.9

31.5

31.1

37.4

39.0

38.8

2003-04

27.5

33.4

33.0

37.5

39.6

39.4

2004-05

28.8

33.3

32.9

37.2

39.6

39.4

2005-06

28.5

33.0

32.6

36.1

39.3

39.0

2006-07

27.4

33.2

32.6

36.9

39.3

39.1

2007-08

30.3

32.3

32.1

37.1

38.2

38.1

2008-09

28.1

32.3

31.8

36.2

38.6

38.3

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
Timing of parole in the sentence refers to the percentage of the sentence served at the time the first day parole or full parole starts during the sentence. In most cases a full parole is preceded by a day parole.
These calculations are based on sentences under federal jurisdiction excluding life sentences and indeterminate sentences.
Offenders (other than those serving life or indeterminate sentences or subject to judicial determination) normally become eligible for full parole after serving 1/3 of their sentence or seven years, whichever is less. Eligibility for day parole is normally at 6 months before full parole eligibility or at 1/6 of the sentence for cases that meet the accelerated parole review criteria (see Section 125 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).

Aboriginal offenders serve a higher proportion of their sentences before being released on parole

Aboriginal offenders serve a higher proportion of their sentences before being released on parole
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
Timing of parole in the sentence refers to the percentage of the sentence served at the time the first day parole or full parole starts during the sentence. In most cases a full parole is preceded by a day parole.
These calculations are based on sentences under federal jurisdiction excluding life sentences and indeterminate sentences.
Offenders (other than those serving life or indeterminate sentences or subject to judicial determination) normally become eligible for full parole after serving 1/3 of their sentence or seven years, whichever is less. Eligibility for day parole is normally at 6 months before full parole eligibility or at 1/6 of the sentence for cases that meet the accelerated parole review criteria (see Section 125 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).

Aboriginal offenders serve a higher proportion of their sentences before being released on parole

Year

Type of Supervision

First Day Parole

First Full Parole

Aboriginal

Non-Aboriginal

Total

Aboriginal

Non-Aboriginal

Total

 

Percentage of sentence incarcerated

1999-00

34.6

30.1

30.7

41.6

39.1

39.4

2000-01

34.2

30.1

30.7

40.1

38.9

39.0

2001-02

37.1

30.7

31.6

42.7

38.4

38.8

2002-03

35.4

30.4

31.1

40.6

38.6

38.8

2003-04

38.8

31.9

33.0

42.9

38.9

39.4

2004-05

37.2

32.1

32.9

42.1

39.0

39.4

2005-06

36.6

31.9

32.6

42.4

38.5

39.0

2006-07

37.5

31.9

32.6

40.9

38.9

39.1

2007-08

38.5

31.2

32.1

40.8

37.8

38.1

2008-09

38.0

31.0

31.8

41.3

38.1

38.3

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
Timing of parole in the sentence refers to the percentage of the sentence served at the time the first day parole or full parole starts during the sentence. In most cases a full parole is preceded by a day parole.
These calculations are based on sentences under federal jurisdiction excluding life sentences and indeterminate sentences.
Offenders (other than those serving life or indeterminate sentences or subject to judicial determination) normally become eligible for full parole after serving 1/3 of their sentence or seven years, whichever is less. Eligibility for day parole is normally at 6 months before full parole eligibility or at 1/6 of the sentence for cases that meet the accelerated parole review criteria (see Section 125 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).

Women serve a lower proportion of their sentences than men before being released on parole

Women serve a lower proportion of their sentences than men before being released on parole
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
Timing of parole in the sentence refers to the percentage of the sentence served at the time the first day parole or full parole starts during the sentence. In most cases a full parole is preceded by a day parole.
These calculations are based on sentences under federal jurisdiction excluding life sentences and indeterminate sentences.
Offenders (other than those serving life or indeterminate sentences or subject to judicial determination) normally become eligible for full parole after serving 1/3 of their sentence or seven years, whichever is less. Eligibility for day parole is normally at 6 months before full parole eligibility or at 1/6 of the sentence for cases that meet the accelerated parole review criteria (see Section 125 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).

Women serve a lower proportion of their sentences than men before being released on parole

Year

Type of Supervision

First Day Parole

First Full Parole

Women

Men

Total

Women

Men

Total

 

Percentage of sentence incarcerated

1999-00

24.8

31.2

30.7

37.4

39.5

39.4

2000-01

26.0

31.2

30.7

36.8

39.3

39.0

2001-02

26.8

32.0

31.6

36.6

39.1

38.8

2002-03

26.9

31.5

31.1

37.4

39.0

38.8

2003-04

27.5

33.4

33.0

37.5

39.6

39.4

2004-05

28.8

33.3

32.9

37.2

39.6

39.4

2005-06

28.5

33.0

32.6

36.1

39.3

39.0

2006-07

27.4

33.2

32.6

36.9

39.3

39.1

2007-08

30.3

32.3

32.1

37.1

38.2

38.1

2008-09

28.1

32.3

31.8

36.2

38.6

38.3

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
Timing of parole in the sentence refers to the percentage of the sentence served at the time the first day parole or full parole starts during the sentence. In most cases a full parole is preceded by a day parole.
These calculations are based on sentences under federal jurisdiction excluding life sentences and indeterminate sentences.
Offenders (other than those serving life or indeterminate sentences or subject to judicial determination) normally become eligible for full parole after serving 1/3 of their sentence or seven years, whichever is less. Eligibility for day parole is normally at 6 months before full parole eligibility or at 1/6 of the sentence for cases that meet the accelerated parole review criteria (see Section 125 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act).

A large majority of federal day paroles are successfully completed

A large majority of federal day paroles are successfully completed
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Revocation for Breach of Conditions includes revocation with outstanding charges.
A day parole is considered successful if it was completed without a return to prison for a breach of conditions or for a new offence.

A large majority of federal day paroles are successfully completed

Federal Day
Parole
Outcomes

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

 

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

Successful Completion

Regular

1,875

82.7

1,740

81.4

1,785

81.6

1,705

81.2

1,783

84.4

Accelerated

673

80.5

743

82.1

762

81.8

812

82.1

814

84.7

Total

2,548

82.1

2,483

81.6

2,547

81.7

2,517

81.5

2,597

84.5

Revocation for Breach of Conditions*

Regular

295

13.0

313

14.6

279

12.8

302

14.4

274

13.0

Accelerated

102

12.2

84

9.3

102

11.0

122

12.3

101

10.5

Total

397

12.8

397

13.0

381

12.2

424

13.7

375

12.2

Revocation with Non-Violent Offence

Regular

79

3.5

69

3.2

101

4.6

78

3.7

43

2.0

Accelerated

57

6.8

73

8.1

66

7.1

54

5.5

42

4.4

Total

136

4.4

142

4.7

167

5.4

132

4.3

85

2.8

Revocation with Violent Offence**

Regular

18

0.8

16

0.7

22

1.0

14

0.7

12

0.6

Accelerated

4

0.5

5

0.6

1

0.1

1

0.1

4

0.4

Total

22

0.7

21

0.7

23

0.7

15

0.5

16

0.5

Total

Regular

2,267

73.1

2,138

70.3

2,187

70.1

2,099

68.0

2,112

68.7

Accelerated

836

26.9

905

29.7

931

29.9

989

32.0

961

31.3

Total

3,103

100.0

3,043

100.0

3,118

100.0

3,088

100.0

3,073

100.0

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Revocation for Breach of Conditions includes revocation with outstanding charges.
**Violent offences include murder and Schedule I offences (listed in the Corrections and Conditional Release Act) such as assaults, sexual offences, arson, abduction, robbery and some weapon offences.
Day parole is a type of conditional release in which offenders are permitted to participate in community-based activities in preparation for full parole or statutory release. The conditions require offenders to return nightly to an institution or half-way house unless otherwise authorized by the National Parole Board.
Eligibility for day parole release normally occurs 6 months prior to full parole. Eligibility for accelerated parole review cases occurs after the offender serves 6 months or 1/6 of the sentence, whichever is greater.

The majority of federal full paroles are successfully completed

The majority of federal full paroles are successfully completed
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Revocation for Breach of Conditions includes revocation with outstanding charges.
A full parole is considered successful if it was completed without a return to prison for a breach of conditions or for a new offence.
These data do not include offenders serving life or indeterminate sentences as these offenders, by definition, remain under supervision for life.

The majority of federal full paroles are successfully completed

Federal Full Parole Outcomes*

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

 

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

Successful Completion

Regular

464

73.2

466

73.7

417

71.5

441

73.5

415

76.3

Accelerated

614

70.9

548

66.2

582

68.6

581

69.6

643

71.7

Total

1,078

71.9

1,014

69.5

999

69.8

1,022

71.2

1,058

73.4

Revocation for Breach of Conditions**

Regular

107

16.9

111

17.6

106

18.2

110

18.3

88

16.2

Accelerated

163

18.8

172

20.8

173

20.4

167

20.0

188

21.0

Total

270

18.0

283

19.4

279

19.5

277

19.3

276

19.2

Revocation with Non-Violent Offence

Regular

43

6.8

41

6.5

49

8.4

38

6.3

32

5.9

Accelerated

82

9.5

101

12.2

91

10.7

80

9.6

64

7.1

Total

125

8.3

142

9.7

140

9.8

118

8.2

96

6.7

Revocation with Violent Offence***

Regular

20

3.2

14

2.2

11

1.9

11

1.8

9

1.7

Accelerated

7

0.8

7

0.8

3

0.4

7

0.8

2

0.2

Total

27

1.8

21

1.4

14

1.0

18

1.3

11

0.8

Total

Regular

634

42.3

632

43.3

583

40.7

600

41.8

544

37.8

Accelerated

866

57.7

828

56.7

849

59.3

835

58.2

897

62.2

Total

1,500

100.0

1,460

100.0

1,432

100.0

1,435

100.0

1,441

100.0

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Excludes offenders serving indeterminate sentences because they do not have a warrant expiry date and can only successfully complete full parole by dying.
**Revocation for Breach of Conditions includes revocation with outstanding charges.
***Violent offences include murder and Schedule I offences (listed in the Corrections and Conditional Release Act) such as assaults, sexual offences, arson, abduction, robbery and some weapon offences.
Full parole is a type of conditional release granted by the National Parole Board in which a portion of the sentence is served under supervision in the community. Offenders (other than those serving life or indeterminate sentences or subject to judicial determination) normally become eligible for full parole after serving 1/3 of their sentence or seven years, whichever is less.

The majority of statutory releases are successfully completed

The majority of statutory releases are successfully completed
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Revocation for Breach of Conditions includes revocation with outstanding charges.
A statutory release is considered successful if it was completed without a return to prison for a breach of conditions or for a new offence.
Statutory release refers to a conditional release that is subject to supervision after the offender has served two-thirds of the sentence.

The majority of statutory releases are successfully completed

Statutory Release Outcomes

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

 

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

Successful Completion

3,143

58.0

3,245

58.5

3,271

58.3

3,396

58.6

3,499

60.3

Revocation for Breach of Conditions*

1,612

29.7

1,653

29.8

1,651

29.5

1,733

29.9

1,744

30.0

Revocation with Non-Violent Offence

530

9.8

519

9.4

543

9.7

541

9.3

489

8.4

Revocation with Violent Offence**

137

2.5

132

2.4

141

2.5

129

2.2

75

1.3

Total

5,422

100.0

5,549

100.0

5,606

100.0

5,799

100.0

5,807

100.0

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Revocation for Breach of Conditions includes revocation with outstanding charges.
**Violent offences include murder and Schedule I offences (listed in the Corrections and Conditional Release Act) such as assaults, sexual offences, arson, abduction, robbery and some weapon offences.

Over the past decade, the rate of violent conviction for offenders while under supervision has declined

Over the past decade, the rate of violent conviction for offenders while under supervision has declined
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Supervised offenders include offenders who are on parole, statutory release, those temporarily detained in federal institutions, and those who are unlawfully at large.
**Violent offences include murder and Schedule I offences (listed in the Corrections and Conditional Release Act) such as assaults, sexual offences, arson, abduction, robbery and some weapon offences.
The dotted line between 2007-08 and 2008-09 is intended to signify that due to delays in the court process, these numbers under represent the actual number of convictions, as verdicts may not have been reached by year-end.

Over the past decade, the rate of violent conviction for offenders while under supervision has declined

Year

# of Offenders Convicted for Violent Offences

Rate per 1,000 Supervised Offenders*

Day Parole

Full Parole

Statutory Release

Total

Day Parole

Full Parole

Statutory Release

1999-00

58

47

160

265

37

10

57

2000-01

35

40

167

242

25

9

60

2001-02

33

33

149

215

25

8

52

2002-03

23

27

148

198

18

7

51

2003-04

20

21

149

190

15

5

50

2004-05

22

28

137

187

18

7

46

2005-06

21

21

132

174

15

5

43

2006-07

23

14

141

178

17

4

44

2007-08

17

18

129

164

13

5

41

2008-09**

16

10

73

99

13

3

22

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Supervised offenders include offenders who are on parole, statutory release, those temporarily detained in federal institutions, and those who are unlawfully at large.
**Due to delays in the court processes, the numbers under-represent the actual number of convictions, as verdicts may not have been reached by year-end. Violent offences include murder and Schedule I offences (listed in the Corrections and Conditional Release Act) such as assaults, sexual offences, arson, abduction, robbery and some weapon offences.
Day and full parole include those offenders serving determinate and indeterminate sentences.

Over 25% of offenders serving determinate sentences were not reviewed for parole

Over 25% of offenders serving determinate sentences were not reviewed for parole
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Data include only those offenders who commenced their determinate sentence during the fiscal year indicated (April 1 to March 31 of the following year) and had completed their sentence by March 31, 2009.

Over 25% of offenders serving determinate sentences were not reviewed for parole

 

Year that Determinate Sentence Commenced

1998-99

1999-00

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

 

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

Reviewed by Board

3,197

78.8

2,887

77.1

2,727

74.9

2,441

69.7

2,471

70.3

Parole Granted

2,314

57.0

2,084

55.6

1,902

52.2

1,689

48.2

1,754

49.9

Parole Denied

883

21.8

803

21.4

825

22.6

752

21.5

717

20.4

Not Reviewed by Board*

860

21.2

858

22.9

916

25.1

1,063

30.3

1,042

29.7

Total Sentences

4,057

100.0

3,745

100.0

3,643

100.0

3,504

100.0

3,513

100.0

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*These are determinate sentences where the offender either waived all parole reviews, withdrew all parole applications, or postponed until statutory release.
Data include only those offenders who commenced their determinate sentence during the fiscal year indicated (April 1 to March 31 of the following year) and had completed their sentence by March 31, 2009.

The number of offenders granted temporary absences has decreased since 1999-00

The number of offenders granted temporary absences has decreased since 1999-00
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
A temporary absence is permission given to an eligible offender to be away from the normal place of confinement for medical, administrative, community service, family contact, personal development for rehabilitative purposes, or compassionate reasons, including parental responsibilities.
A work release is a structure program of release of specified duration for work or community service outside the penitentiary, under the supervision of a staff member or other authorized person or organization.
These numbers depict the number of offenders who received at least one temporary absence permit (excluding those for medical purposes) or at least one work release. An offender may be granted more than one temporary absence permit or work release over a period of time.

The number of offenders granted temporary absences has decreased since 1999-00

Year

Temporary Absences

Work Releases

Escorted

Unescorted

 

# of Offenders

# of Permits

# of Offenders

# of Permits

# of Offenders

# of Permits

1999-00

3,502

40,595

1,161

7,357

822

2,139

2000-01

3,136

34,155

1,067

6,566

644

1,722

2001-02

2,873

29,998

825

5,130

589

1,332

2002-03

2,712

34,088

713

4,870

577

1,307

2003-04

2,688

38,048

708

4,097

475

1,017

2004-05

2,518

35,251

518

3,580

321

747

2005-06

2,568

37,074

500

3,044

352

986

2006-07

2,524

39,603

498

4,148

333

717

2007-08

2,504

41,434

465

3,779

294

596

2008-09

2,308

36,120

433

3,748

214

577

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
A temporary absence is permission given to an eligible offender to be away from the normal place of confinement for medical, administrative, community service, family contact, personal development for rehabilitative purposes, or compassionate reasons, including parental responsibilities.
A work release is a structure program of release of specified duration for work or community service outside the penitentiary, under the supervision of a staff member or other authorized person or organization.
These numbers depict the number of offenders who received at least one temporary absence permit (excluding those for medical purposes) or at least one work release. An offender may be granted more than one temporary absence permit or work release over a period of time.

Section E: Statistics on Special Applications of Criminal Justice

The number of detention reviews has fluctuated over the past five years

The number of detention reviews has fluctuated over the past five years
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
According to the Corrections and Conditional Release Act, an offender entitled to statutory release after serving two-thirds of the sentence may be held in custody until warrant expiry if it is established that the offender is likely to commit, before the expiry of sentence, an offence causing death or serious harm, a serious drug offence or a sex offence involving a child.

The number of detention reviews has fluctuated over the past five years

Outcome of Initial Detention Reviews

Year

Detained

Statutory Release

Total

Total

Abor.

Non - Abor

Total

%

Abor.

Non - Abor

Total

%

Abor

Non - Abor

1994-95

96

314

410

92.3

8

26

34

7.7

104

340

444

1995-96

143

341

484

91.3

13

33

46

8.7

156

374

530

1996-97

106

325

431

93.3

10

21

31

6.7

116

346

462

1997-98

78

234

312

93.1

9

14

23

6.9

87

248

335

1998-99

80

154

234

91.4

3

19

22

8.6

83

173

256

1999-00

80

128

208

93.7

3

11

14

6.3

83

139

222

2000-01

68

147

215

93.9

6

8

14

6.1

74

155

229

2001-02

72

185

257

94.5

2

13

15

5.5

74

198

272

2002-03

81

164

245

86.3

14

25

39

13.7

95

189

284

2003-04

69

210

279

92.1

8

16

24

7.9

77

226

303

2004-05

69

156

225

91.1

6

16

22

8.9

75

172

247

2005-06

73

160

233

89.3

11

17

28

10.7

84

177

261

2006-07

66

156

222

88.8

4

24

28

11.2

70

180

250

2007-08

85

163

248

93.2

6

12

18

6.8

91

175

266

2008-09

102

154

256

95.9

5

6

11

4.1

107

160

267

Total

1,268

2,991

4,259

92.0

108

261

359

8.0

1,376

3,252

4,628

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
According to the Corrections and Conditional Release Act, an offender entitled to statutory release after serving two-thirds of the sentence may be held in custody until warrant expiry if it is established that the offender is likely to commit, before the expiry of sentence, an offence causing death or serious harm, a serious drug offence or a sex offence involving a child.

83% of judicial review hearings result in earlier parole eligibility

83% of judicial review hearings result in earlier parole eligibility
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*Of the 130 offenders who have been released on parole, 14 offenders have been returned to custody, 11 offenders are deceased, one is on bail and three offenders have been deported.
Judicial review is an application by an offender convicted of murder to the Court for a reduction in the time required to be served before being eligible for parole. Offenders can apply when they have served at least 15 years of their sentence. Judicial review procedures apply to offenders convicted of first degree murder, who are required to serve 25 years prior to being eligible for parole, and to offenders who have been sentenced to life imprisonment for second degree murder, with parole eligibility set at 15 years or more.

83% of judicial review hearings result in earlier parole eligibility

Province/Territory
of Judicial Review

Parole Ineligibility Reduced
by Court

Reduction Denied by Court

Total

1st degree murder

2nd degree murder

1st
degree
murder

2nd
degree
murder

1st
degree
murder

2nd
degree
murder

Northwest Territories

0

0

0

0

0

0

Nunavut

0

0

0

0

0

0

Yukon

0

0

0

0

0

0

Newfoundland & Labrador

0

0

0

0

0

0

Prince Edward Island

0

0

0

0

0

0

Nova Scotia

0

1

1

0

1

1

New Brunswick

1

0

0

0

1

0

Quebec

58

15

5

2

63

17

Ontario

21

0

10

1

31

1

Manitoba

7

2

1

0

8

2

Saskatchewan

6

0

2

0

8

0

Alberta

16

0

4

0

20

0

British Columbia

15

1

4

0

19

1

Sub-total

124

19

27

3

151

22

Total

143

30

173

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
These numbers represent total decisions as of April 12, 2009.
Judicial reviews are conducted in the province where the conviction took place.

The number of dangerous offender designations has stabilized over the past four years

The number of dangerous offender designations has stabilized over the past four years
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*The number of Dangerous Offenders designated per year does not include overturned decisions.
The graph above is based on a snapshot of the population taken on April 12, 2009. On this date, there was an active offender who received his Dangerous Offender designation on April 3, 2009. This offender is not represented in the graph, but is included in the table on the next page.
Offenders who have died since receiving designations are no longer classified as "active"; however, they are still represented in the above graph, which depicts the total number of offenders '"designated".
Dangerous Offender legislation came into effect in Canada on October 15, 1977, replacing the Habitual Offender and Dangerous Sexual Offender provisions that were abolished. A Dangerous Offender (DO) is an individual given an indeterminate sentence on the basis of a particularly violent crime or pattern of serious violent offences where it is judged that the offender's behaviour is unlikely to be inhibited by normal standards of behavioural restraint (see section 752 of the Criminal Code of Canada). Until August 1997, a determinate sentence was possible for those designated as DOs. In addition to the DOs, there remain within federal jurisdiction 41 Dangerous Sexual Offenders and 9 Habitual Offenders.

The number of dangerous offender designations has stabilized over the past four years

Province/Territory of Designation

All Designations (# designated since 1978)

Active Dangerous Offenders

# of Indeterminate Offenders

# of Determinate Offenders

Total

Newfoundland & Labrador

11

9

0

9

Nova Scotia

17

15

0

15

Prince Edward Island

0

0

0

0

New Brunswick

8

7

0

7

Quebec

55

50

1

51

Ontario

199

166

1

167

Manitoba

9

8

0

8

Saskatchewan

40

34

1

35

Alberta

38

31

0

31

British Columbia

105

85

1

86

Yukon

1

1

0

1

Northwest Territories

5

5

0

5

Nunavut

0

0

0

0

Total

488

411

4

415

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
Numbers presented are as of April 12, 2009.
The number of Dangerous Offenders declared per year does not include overturned decisions.
Offenders who have died since receiving designations are no longer classified as "active"; however, they are still represented in the total number of offenders "designated".

Most long term supervision orders are for a 10-year period

Most long term supervision orders are for a 10-year period
Click to enlarge image

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
Long Term Supervision Order (LTSO) legislation, which came into effect in Canada on August 1, 1997, allows the court to impose a sentence of two years or more for the predicate offence and order that the offender be supervised in the community for a further period not exceeding 10 years.
Seventeen offenders under these provisions have died, nine offenders have completed their long term supervision period and one has been declared a Dangerous Offender.

Most long term supervision orders are for a 10-year period

Province or Territory of Order

Length of Supervision Order (years)

Current Status

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10

Total

Incarcerated

DP, FP
or SR*

LTSO period

LTSO** interrupted

Total

Newfoundland

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

5

5

1

0

3

1

5

Nova Scotia

0

0

0

3

0

0

0

10

13

4

0

8

1

13

Prince Edward Island

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

2

0

0

0

0

0

New Brunswick

0

1

0

1

0

0

1

5

8

3

0

3

2

8

Quebec

0

1

0

33

6

16

5

107

168

78

7

69

6

160

Ontario

0

0

1

7

4

12

10

122

156

55

5

81

7

148

Manitoba

0

0

0

1

1

2

1

21

26

9

1

14

1

25

Saskatchewan

1

0

1

9

5

2

6

25

49

33

2

13

1

49

Alberta

0

0

0

7

1

0

1

36

45

16

5

19

0

40

British

0

0

0

7

3

4

4

73

91

41

5

39

2

87

Yukon

0

0

0

1

0

2

0

3

6

1

1

4

0

6

Northwest Territories

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

2

3

1

0

1

1

3

Nunavut

0

0

0

2

0

0

1

2

5

3

0

2

0

5

Total

1

2

2

73

20

38

29

412

577

245

26

256

22

549

Source: Correctional Service Canada.

Note:
*This category includes offenders whose current status is either supervised on day parole (DP), full parole (FP) or statutory release (SR).
**This category includes offenders convicted of a new offence while on the supervision portion of an LTSO. When this occurs, the LTSO supervision period is interrupted until the offender has served the new sentence to its warrant expiry date. At that time, the LTSO supervision period resumes where it left off.
These numbers are as of April 12, 2009.
Seventeen offenders under these provisions have died, 10 offenders have completed their long term supervision period and one has been declared a Dangerous Offender.

The number of pardon applications processed has increased

The number of pardon applications processed has increased
Click to enlarge image

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police Criminal Records Division, 2009.
Pardons allow people who were convicted of a criminal offence but have completed their sentence and demonstrated that they are law-abiding citizens to have their criminal record sealed. A person convicted of a summary offence may apply for a pardon three years after the completion of the sentence, and a person convicted of an indictable offence may apply after five years.

The number of pardon applications processed has increased

Type of Decision

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

Granted

17,800

3,951

7,076

14,514

30,317

Issued

4,745

4,402

7,672

10,332

9,311

Denied

375

196

103

175

800

Total Granted/Issued/Denied

22,920

8,549

14,851

25,021

40,428

Percentage Granted/Issued

98.4

97.7

99.3

99.3

98.0

Revocations*

225

79

133

34

123

Cessations

332

377

2,264

547

584

Total Revocations/Cessations

557

456

2,397

581

707

Cumulative Granted/Issued**

329,530

337,883

352,631

377,477

417,105

Cumulative Revocations/Cessations**

11,151

11,607

14,004

14,585

15,292

Source: National Parole Board.

Note:
*Revocations fluctuate due to resource re-allocation to deal with backlogs.
**Cumulative data reflects pardon activity since 1970, when the pardon process was established under the Criminal Records Act.
Pardons are issued for summary offences, upon application, following a three-year conviction-free period after the completion of the sentence. In cases of indictable offences, pardons are granted at the discretion of the National Parole Board (NPB) following a five-year period of good conduct after the completion of the sentence. The cessation of a pardon automatically occurs following a subsequent conviction for an indictable offence or hybrid offence, with some exceptions, including impaired driving, driving with more than 80 mg of alcohol in the blood or fail to provide a breath sample. Revocations are at the discretion of the NPB following a subsequent summary conviction, or for lack of good conduct. The Board may also render a decision of cessation when it is convinced by new information that the person was not eligible for a pardon at the time it was awarded.

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